An Introduction to Neutron Scattering - Spallation Neutron Source

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When Does a “Rough” Surface Scatter Diffusely? • Rayleigh criterion path difference: Dr = 2 h sing phase difference: Df = (4ph/l) sing boundary between rough and smooth: Df = p/2 that is h < l/(8sing) for a smooth surface γ γ γ γ where g = 4 p h sin g / l = Q z h h
fi fi fi Q =kf -ki Qx-Qz Transformation qi Time-of-Flight, Energy-Dispersive Neutron Reflectometry ki fi z where fi Q -ki fi kf fi qf 2 p Q x = l *(cos qf -cos qi ) 2 p Q z = l *(sin qf +sin qi ) For specular reflectivity qf =qi. Then, Qz= 4 psin( q) =2k z l Vandium-Carbon Multilayer — specular & diffuse scattering in θ f -TOF space and transformed to Q x -Q z x Raw data in θf -TOF space for a single layer. Note that large divergence does not imply poor Qz resolution TOF l . L / 4 Raw Data from SPEAR
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y Roger Pynn Los Alamos National La
Page 3 and 4:
Why do Neutron Scattering? • To d
Page 5 and 6:
The Neutron has Both Particle-Like
Page 7 and 8:
Thermal Neutrons, 8 keV X-Rays & Lo
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Brightness & Fluxes for Neutron & X
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Scattering by a Single (fixed) Nucl
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Coherent and Incoherent Scattering
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so or ie Coherent Elastic Scatterin
Page 17 and 18:
Neutrons can also gain or lose ener
Page 19 and 20:
Magnetic Scattering • The magneti
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Ene rgy Trans fe r (me V) 10000 100
Page 23 and 24:
References • Introduction to the
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Overview 1. Essential messages from
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What Do We Need to Do a Basic Neutr
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About 1.5 Useful Neutrons Are Produ
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The ESRF* & ILL* With Grenoble & th
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Neutron Sources Provide Neutrons fo
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Proton Radiography 800-MeV Linear A
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Components of a Spallation Source A
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Simultaneously Using Neutrons With
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The Actual ToF Gain From Source Pul
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Why Isn’t There a Universal Neutr
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• Uncertainties in the neutron wa
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Typical Neutron Scattering Instrume
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Most Neutron Detectors Use 3 He •
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Rotating Choppers Are Used to Tailo
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3. Diffraction Next Lecture 1. Diff
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2. Diffraction This Lecture 1. Diff
Page 57 and 58: Neutron Diffraction • Neutron dif
Page 59 and 60: For Periodic Arrays of Nuclei, Cohe
Page 61 and 62: We would be better off if diffracti
Page 63 and 64: Powder - A Polycrystalline Mass All
Page 65 and 66: Measuring Neutron Diffraction Patte
Page 67 and 68: Time-of-Flight Powder Diffraction U
Page 69 and 70: There’s more than meets the eye i
Page 71 and 72: How good is this function? Protein
Page 73 and 74: High-resolution Neutron Powder Diff
Page 75 and 76: Texture Measurement by Diffraction
Page 77 and 78: Definitions of Stress and Strain
Page 79 and 80: Why use Metal Matrix Composites ? F
Page 81 and 82: Neutron Diffraction Measures Mean R
Page 83 and 84: Deformation Mechanism in U/Nb Alloy
Page 85 and 86: Obtaining the Pair Distribution Fun
Page 87 and 88: Effect of Doping on the Octahedra
Page 89 and 90: Surface Reflection Is Very Differen
Page 91 and 92: What Is the Neutron Wavevector Insi
Page 93 and 94: Only Those Thermal or Cold Neutrons
Page 95 and 96: What do the Amplitudes a R and a T
Page 97 and 98: Fresnel’s Law for a Thin Film •
Page 99 and 100: Reflection by a Graded Interface io
Page 101 and 102: Direct Inversion of Reflectivity Da
Page 103 and 104: 4 R*Q z 10 -7 10 -8 10 -9 1.3% PEG
Page 105 and 106: Polarized Neutron Reflectometry (PN
Page 107: Reflection from Rough Surfaces z z
Page 111 and 112: Observation of Hexagonal Packing of
Page 113 and 114: This Lecture 5. Small Angle Neutron
Page 115 and 116: Two Views of the Components of a Ty
Page 117 and 118: Where Does SANS Fit As a Structural
Page 119 and 120: Instrumental Resolution for SANS Tr
Page 121 and 122: SANS Measures Particle Shapes and I
Page 123 and 124: Examples of Spherically-Averaged Fo
Page 125 and 126: Correlations Can Be Measured in Con
Page 127 and 128: Radius of Gyration Is the Particle
Page 129 and 130: Contrast & Contrast Matching Water
Page 131 and 132: Verification of of the Gaussian Coi
Page 133 and 134: Porod Scattering function. n correl
Page 135 and 136: ln(I) Typical Intensity Plot for SA
Page 137 and 138: References • Viewgraphs describin
Page 139 and 140: We Have Seen How Neutron Scattering
Page 141 and 142: The Elastic & Inelastic Scattering
Page 143 and 144: Examples of S(Q,ω) and S s(Q,ω)
Page 145 and 146: Inelastic Magnetic Scattering of Ne
Page 147 and 148: Measured Inelastic Neutron Scatteri
Page 149 and 150: Atomic Motions for Longitudinal & T
Page 151 and 152: Phonons - the Classical Use for Ine
Page 153 and 154: The Accessible Energy and Wavevecto
Page 155 and 156: What Use Have Phonon Measurements B
Page 157 and 158: Time-of-flight Methods Can Give Com
Page 159 and 160:
Neutron Spin Echo By Roger Pynn* Lo
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• Uncertainties in the neutron wa
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The Underlying Physics of Neutron S
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How does a Neutron Spin Behave when
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The Principles of NSE are Very Simp
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For Quasi-elastic Scattering, the E
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Neutron counts ( per 50 sec) Neutro
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Field-Integral Inhomogeneities caus
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Neutron Spin Echo study of Deformat
Page 177 and 178:
Neutron Spin Phases NRSE spectromet
Page 179 and 180:
The Measured Polarization for NRSE
Page 181 and 182:
Measuring Line Shapes for Inelastic
Page 183 and 184:
“Phonon Focusing” • For a sin
Page 185 and 186:
An NRSE Triple Axis Spectrometer at
Page 187 and 188:
“Tilted” Fields for Diffraction
Page 189 and 190:
Spin Echo SANS using Magnetic Films
Page 191:
Conclusion: NSE Provides a Way to S
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An Introduction to Neutron Scattering - Spallation Neutron Source

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