An Introduction to Neutron Scattering - Spallation Neutron Source

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$Powder Diffraction - Spallation Neutron Source$

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Examples of Science using Powder Diffraction • Refinement of structures of new materials • Materials texture • Strain measurements • Pair distribution functions (PDF)
High-resolution Neutron Powder Diffraction in CMR manganates* • In Sr 2LaMn 2O 7 – synchrotron data indicated two phases at low temperature. Simultaneous refinement of neutron powder data at 2 λ’s allowed two almost-isostructural phases (one FM the other AFM) to be refined. Only neutrons see the magnetic reflections • High resolution powder diffraction with Nd 0.7Ca 0.3MnO 3 showed splitting of (202) peak due to a transition to a previously unknown monoclinic phase. The data showed the existence of 2 Mn sites with different Mn-O distances. The different sites are likely occupied by Mn3+ and Mn4+ respectively * E. Suard & P. G. Radaelli (ILL)
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y Roger Pynn Los Alamos National La
Page 3 and 4:
Why do Neutron Scattering? • To d
Page 5 and 6:
The Neutron has Both Particle-Like
Page 7 and 8:
Thermal Neutrons, 8 keV X-Rays & Lo
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Brightness & Fluxes for Neutron & X
Page 11 and 12:
Scattering by a Single (fixed) Nucl
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Coherent and Incoherent Scattering
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so or ie Coherent Elastic Scatterin
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Neutrons can also gain or lose ener
Page 19 and 20:
Magnetic Scattering • The magneti
Page 21 and 22: Ene rgy Trans fe r (me V) 10000 100
Page 23 and 24: References • Introduction to the
Page 25 and 26: Overview 1. Essential messages from
Page 27 and 28: What Do We Need to Do a Basic Neutr
Page 29 and 30: About 1.5 Useful Neutrons Are Produ
Page 31 and 32: The ESRF* & ILL* With Grenoble & th
Page 33 and 34: Neutron Sources Provide Neutrons fo
Page 35 and 36: Proton Radiography 800-MeV Linear A
Page 37 and 38: Components of a Spallation Source A
Page 39 and 40: Simultaneously Using Neutrons With
Page 41 and 42: The Actual ToF Gain From Source Pul
Page 43 and 44: Why Isn’t There a Universal Neutr
Page 45 and 46: • Uncertainties in the neutron wa
Page 47 and 48: Typical Neutron Scattering Instrume
Page 49 and 50: Most Neutron Detectors Use 3 He •
Page 51 and 52: Rotating Choppers Are Used to Tailo
Page 53 and 54: 3. Diffraction Next Lecture 1. Diff
Page 55 and 56: 2. Diffraction This Lecture 1. Diff
Page 57 and 58: Neutron Diffraction • Neutron dif
Page 59 and 60: For Periodic Arrays of Nuclei, Cohe
Page 61 and 62: We would be better off if diffracti
Page 63 and 64: Powder - A Polycrystalline Mass All
Page 65 and 66: Measuring Neutron Diffraction Patte
Page 67 and 68: Time-of-Flight Powder Diffraction U
Page 69 and 70: There’s more than meets the eye i
Page 71: How good is this function? Protein
Page 75 and 76: Texture Measurement by Diffraction
Page 77 and 78: Definitions of Stress and Strain
Page 79 and 80: Why use Metal Matrix Composites ? F
Page 81 and 82: Neutron Diffraction Measures Mean R
Page 83 and 84: Deformation Mechanism in U/Nb Alloy
Page 85 and 86: Obtaining the Pair Distribution Fun
Page 87 and 88: Effect of Doping on the Octahedra
Page 89 and 90: Surface Reflection Is Very Differen
Page 91 and 92: What Is the Neutron Wavevector Insi
Page 93 and 94: Only Those Thermal or Cold Neutrons
Page 95 and 96: What do the Amplitudes a R and a T
Page 97 and 98: Fresnel’s Law for a Thin Film •
Page 99 and 100: Reflection by a Graded Interface io
Page 101 and 102: Direct Inversion of Reflectivity Da
Page 103 and 104: 4 R*Q z 10 -7 10 -8 10 -9 1.3% PEG
Page 105 and 106: Polarized Neutron Reflectometry (PN
Page 107 and 108: Reflection from Rough Surfaces z z
Page 109 and 110: fi fi fi Q =kf -ki Qx-Qz Transforma
Page 111 and 112: Observation of Hexagonal Packing of
Page 113 and 114: This Lecture 5. Small Angle Neutron
Page 115 and 116: Two Views of the Components of a Ty
Page 117 and 118: Where Does SANS Fit As a Structural
Page 119 and 120: Instrumental Resolution for SANS Tr
Page 121 and 122: SANS Measures Particle Shapes and I
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Examples of Spherically-Averaged Fo
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Correlations Can Be Measured in Con
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Radius of Gyration Is the Particle
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Contrast & Contrast Matching Water
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Verification of of the Gaussian Coi
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Porod Scattering function. n correl
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ln(I) Typical Intensity Plot for SA
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References • Viewgraphs describin
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We Have Seen How Neutron Scattering
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The Elastic & Inelastic Scattering
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Examples of S(Q,ω) and S s(Q,ω)
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Inelastic Magnetic Scattering of Ne
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Measured Inelastic Neutron Scatteri
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Atomic Motions for Longitudinal & T
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Phonons - the Classical Use for Ine
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The Accessible Energy and Wavevecto
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What Use Have Phonon Measurements B
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Time-of-flight Methods Can Give Com
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Neutron Spin Echo By Roger Pynn* Lo
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• Uncertainties in the neutron wa
Page 163 and 164:
The Underlying Physics of Neutron S
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How does a Neutron Spin Behave when
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The Principles of NSE are Very Simp
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For Quasi-elastic Scattering, the E
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Neutron counts ( per 50 sec) Neutro
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Field-Integral Inhomogeneities caus
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Neutron Spin Echo study of Deformat
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Neutron Spin Phases NRSE spectromet
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The Measured Polarization for NRSE
Page 181 and 182:
Measuring Line Shapes for Inelastic
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“Phonon Focusing” • For a sin
Page 185 and 186:
An NRSE Triple Axis Spectrometer at
Page 187 and 188:
“Tilted” Fields for Diffraction
Page 189 and 190:
Spin Echo SANS using Magnetic Films
Page 191:
Conclusion: NSE Provides a Way to S
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An Introduction to Neutron Scattering - Spallation Neutron Source

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