An Introduction to Neutron Scattering - Spallation Neutron Source

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Structure and PDF of a High Temperature Superconduc<strong>to</strong>r The structure of La 2-x Sr x CuO 4 looks like this: (copper [orange] sits in the middle of octahedra of oxygen ions [shown shaded with pale blue].) The resulting PDFs look like this. The peak at 1.9A is the Cu-O bond. So what can we learn about charge-stripes from the PDF?
Effect of Doping on the Octahedra • Doping holes (positive charges) by adding Sr shortens Cu-O bonds • Localized holes in stripes implies a coexistence of short and long Cu-O inplane bonds => increase in Cu-O bond distribution width with doping. • We see this in the PDF: σ 2 is the width of the CuO bond distribution which increases with doping then decreases beyond optimal doping Polaronic Fermiliquid like Bozin et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. Submitted; cond-mat/9907017
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y Roger Pynn Los Alamos National La
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Why do Neutron Scattering? • To d
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The Neutron has Both Particle-Like
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Thermal Neutrons, 8 keV X-Rays & Lo
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Brightness & Fluxes for Neutron & X
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Scattering by a Single (fixed) Nucl
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Coherent and Incoherent Scattering
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so or ie Coherent Elastic Scatterin
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Neutrons can also gain or lose ener
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Magnetic Scattering • The magneti
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Ene rgy Trans fe r (me V) 10000 100
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References • Introduction to the
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Overview 1. Essential messages from
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What Do We Need to Do a Basic Neutr
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About 1.5 Useful Neutrons Are Produ
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The ESRF* & ILL* With Grenoble & th
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Neutron Sources Provide Neutrons fo
Page 35 and 36: Proton Radiography 800-MeV Linear A
Page 37 and 38: Components of a Spallation Source A
Page 39 and 40: Simultaneously Using Neutrons With
Page 41 and 42: The Actual ToF Gain From Source Pul
Page 43 and 44: Why Isn’t There a Universal Neutr
Page 45 and 46: • Uncertainties in the neutron wa
Page 47 and 48: Typical Neutron Scattering Instrume
Page 49 and 50: Most Neutron Detectors Use 3 He •
Page 51 and 52: Rotating Choppers Are Used to Tailo
Page 53 and 54: 3. Diffraction Next Lecture 1. Diff
Page 55 and 56: 2. Diffraction This Lecture 1. Diff
Page 57 and 58: Neutron Diffraction • Neutron dif
Page 59 and 60: For Periodic Arrays of Nuclei, Cohe
Page 61 and 62: We would be better off if diffracti
Page 63 and 64: Powder - A Polycrystalline Mass All
Page 65 and 66: Measuring Neutron Diffraction Patte
Page 67 and 68: Time-of-Flight Powder Diffraction U
Page 69 and 70: There’s more than meets the eye i
Page 71 and 72: How good is this function? Protein
Page 73 and 74: High-resolution Neutron Powder Diff
Page 75 and 76: Texture Measurement by Diffraction
Page 77 and 78: Definitions of Stress and Strain
Page 79 and 80: Why use Metal Matrix Composites ? F
Page 81 and 82: Neutron Diffraction Measures Mean R
Page 83 and 84: Deformation Mechanism in U/Nb Alloy
Page 85: Obtaining the Pair Distribution Fun
Page 89 and 90: Surface Reflection Is Very Differen
Page 91 and 92: What Is the Neutron Wavevector Insi
Page 93 and 94: Only Those Thermal or Cold Neutrons
Page 95 and 96: What do the Amplitudes a R and a T
Page 97 and 98: Fresnel’s Law for a Thin Film •
Page 99 and 100: Reflection by a Graded Interface io
Page 101 and 102: Direct Inversion of Reflectivity Da
Page 103 and 104: 4 R*Q z 10 -7 10 -8 10 -9 1.3% PEG
Page 105 and 106: Polarized Neutron Reflectometry (PN
Page 107 and 108: Reflection from Rough Surfaces z z
Page 109 and 110: fi fi fi Q =kf -ki Qx-Qz Transforma
Page 111 and 112: Observation of Hexagonal Packing of
Page 113 and 114: This Lecture 5. Small Angle Neutron
Page 115 and 116: Two Views of the Components of a Ty
Page 117 and 118: Where Does SANS Fit As a Structural
Page 119 and 120: Instrumental Resolution for SANS Tr
Page 121 and 122: SANS Measures Particle Shapes and I
Page 123 and 124: Examples of Spherically-Averaged Fo
Page 125 and 126: Correlations Can Be Measured in Con
Page 127 and 128: Radius of Gyration Is the Particle
Page 129 and 130: Contrast & Contrast Matching Water
Page 131 and 132: Verification of of the Gaussian Coi
Page 133 and 134: Porod Scattering function. n correl
Page 135 and 136: ln(I) Typical Intensity Plot for SA
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References • Viewgraphs describin
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We Have Seen How Neutron Scattering
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The Elastic & Inelastic Scattering
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Examples of S(Q,ω) and S s(Q,ω)
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Inelastic Magnetic Scattering of Ne
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Measured Inelastic Neutron Scatteri
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Atomic Motions for Longitudinal & T
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Phonons - the Classical Use for Ine
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The Accessible Energy and Wavevecto
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What Use Have Phonon Measurements B
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Time-of-flight Methods Can Give Com
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Neutron Spin Echo By Roger Pynn* Lo
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• Uncertainties in the neutron wa
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The Underlying Physics of Neutron S
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How does a Neutron Spin Behave when
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The Principles of NSE are Very Simp
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For Quasi-elastic Scattering, the E
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Neutron counts ( per 50 sec) Neutro
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Field-Integral Inhomogeneities caus
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Neutron Spin Echo study of Deformat
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Neutron Spin Phases NRSE spectromet
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The Measured Polarization for NRSE
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Measuring Line Shapes for Inelastic
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“Phonon Focusing” • For a sin
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An NRSE Triple Axis Spectrometer at
Page 187 and 188:
“Tilted” Fields for Diffraction
Page 189 and 190:
Spin Echo SANS using Magnetic Films
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Conclusion: NSE Provides a Way to S
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An Introduction to Neutron Scattering - Spallation Neutron Source

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