JP 3-28, Civil Support - Federation of American Scientists

Overview of the National Response Plan and National Incident Management System
member states. Under EMAC, the requesting state reimburses the supporting state(s) for all costs
associated with the assistance. EMAC support depends entirely on voluntary assistance. There is no
provision within EMAC whereby one state can be compelled to support another state with its organic
capabilities and resources. EMACs provide the framework for states to rapidly assist each other with
resources during emergencies, to include NG personnel in state active duty or Title 32 USC status.
c. The state governor has the final commitment authority over state capabilities in any
disaster response effort short of a federal response. Governors have the unique authority to issue
a state emergency declaration, mobilize the state NG, and redirect state resources to emergency
response. A governor can request federal assistance from the President when state capabilities
prove insufficient. This request brings the resources of the Federal government to bear on the
disaster and can involve DOD.
d. The private sector’s role is to be a key partner in domestic incident management,
particularly in the area of critical infrastructure protection and restoration. Private-sector entities
are also called upon to contribute necessary items and services to the impacted area. These
sources are important to aid in the lifesaving and recovery efforts. DHS and other federal
departments and agencies coordinate with the private sector to effectively share information,
formulate courses of action, and incorporate available resources to prevent, prepare for, respond
to, and recover from incidents of various types. For coordination with the owners and operators
of the nation’s critical infrastructure, DHS and federal agencies utilize the mechanisms established
under the National Infrastructure Protection Plan, including the critical infrastructure protection
advisory committee. Further, the Secretary of Homeland Security utilizes private-sector advisory
groups with broad representation to provide advice on incident management and emergency
response issues impacting their stakeholders. The NRP includes an annex on private-sector
coordination.
e. Federal government roles and responsibilities derive from HSPD-5, which assigns specific
responsibilities to DHS and delineates the roles and responsibilities of certain other federal
departments.
(1) The President is the chief executive authority regarding incidents. Under the
authority of the Stafford Act, he declares incidents to be disasters or emergencies. He can
delegate authority to others to act as executive agents in matters of incident response.
(2) Pursuant to HSPD-5, the Secretary of Homeland Security is responsible for
coordinating federal resources within the US to prepare for, respond to, and recover from terrorist
attacks, major disasters, and other emergencies. HSPD-5 further designates the Secretary of
Homeland Security as the “principal federal official” for domestic incident management.
(3) The Attorney General has lead responsibility for criminal investigations of terrorist acts or
terrorist threats by individuals or groups inside the US, or directed at US citizens or institutions abroad.
Generally acting through the FBI, the Attorney General, in cooperation with other federal departments
and agencies engaged in activities to protect our national security, shall also coordinate the activities of
D-5