Ecological and anthropogenic covariates ... - GANGAPEDIA

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In this regard, I will investigate – 1) What is the extent of potential gharial habitat within the study area? 2) How do different habitat attributes and conditions determine gharial distribution and abundance? 3) How do different environmental and human activities influence gharial distribution and habitat site use/preference within available potential gharial habitat? Methods Study Area The 960 km long Chambal River rises in the northern slopes of the Vindhyan escarpment, 15 km West-South-West of Mhow in Indore District in Madhya Pradesh state, at an elevation of about 843 m (Jain et al. 2007). Lying between 24°55' and 26°50'N, 75°34' and 79°18'E the Chambal flows first in a northerly direction in Madhya Pradesh(M.P.) for a length of about 346 km and then in a generally north- easterly direction for a length of 225 km through Rajasthan. It flows for another 217 km between M.P. and Rajasthan (Raj) and further 145 km between M.P. and Uttar Pradesh (U.P.). It enters U.P. and flows for about 32 km before joining the Yamuna River in Etawah District at an elevation of 122 m, to form a part of the greater Gangetic drainage system (Jain et al. 2007). From the source down to its junction with the Yamuna, the Chambal has a fall of about 732 m. Out of this; around 305 m is within the first 16 km reach from its source. It falls for another 195 m in the next 338 km, where it enters the gorge past the Chaurasigarh Fort. In the next 97 km of its run from the Chaurasigarh Fort to Kota city, the bed falls by another 91 m. In the rest of 9
its 523 km run, the river passes through the flat terrain of the Malwa Plateau and later in the Gangetic Plain with an average gradient of 0.21 m/km (Jain et al. 2007). It is a typical anterior-drainage pattern river, being much older than River Yamuna and Ganga, into which it eventually flows (Mani, 1974). The area lies within the semi-arid zone of north-western India at the border of Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh States (Hussain 1999, 2009), and the vegetation consists of ravine, thorn forest (Champion and Seth, 1968). Evergreen riparian vegetation is completely absent, with only sparse ground-cover along the severely eroded river banks and adjacent ravine lands (Hussain 1999, 2009). Ambient air temperatures range from 2 to 46 °C with a mean annual precipitation of 591.2mm, the bulk of which is received during the south-west monsoons (Hussain 1999, 2009). Figure 1: Map of the Study Area, River Chambal with important landmarks. 10
Page 1 and 2: Ecological and anthropogenic covari
Page 3 and 4: variable data like river discharge,
Page 5 and 6: Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Page 7 and 8: In the face of increasing proposals
Page 9 and 10: Chapter 1 Ecological and Anthropoge
Page 11 and 12: Introduction Humans live disproport
Page 13: Despite the release of over 5000 yo
Page 17 and 18: sites considered favourble based on
Page 19 and 20: correction factor for the float mea
Page 21 and 22: Variable (type) Measurement Details
Page 23 and 24: interpolation deriving from regiona
Page 25 and 26: the effects of covariates measured
Page 27 and 28: We compared Zero-Inflated Poisson (
Page 29 and 30: Assessing changes in habitat availa
Page 31 and 32: Figure 6: Box-and-whiskers plots co
Page 33 and 34: Occasion 1: Residual mean deviance
Page 35 and 36: Occasion 3: Residual mean deviance:
Page 37 and 38: Discussion Humans have preferential
Page 39 and 40: Tucker et al. (1997) report that pr
Page 41 and 42: once caught in the net are wary of
Page 43 and 44: Bustard, HR and LAK Singh. 1977. St
Page 45 and 46: Hutton, J. 1989. Movements, home ra
Page 47 and 48: Oliver, M.A., R. Webster. 1990. Kri
Page 49 and 50: Chapter 2 Photographic identificati
Page 51 and 52: Hussain, 2009); and is especially a
Page 53 and 54: data also enables the estimation of
Page 55 and 56: A 600km stretch of the Chambal Rive
Page 57 and 58: Marked animals were accorded no exc
Page 59 and 60: Single-crested region Figure 2: Lat
Page 61 and 62: A B C Capture: 07.02.2010 Figure 1.
Page 63 and 64: (Nichols, 1992). Since gharials are
Page 65 and 66:
and Ross, JP. 2007. Gavialis ganget
Page 67 and 68:
Mazzoil M., McCulloch S.D., Defran
Page 69 and 70:
GENERAL CONCLUSION Humans have pref
Page 71 and 72:
APPENDIX - 1 Figure 1: Scatter plot
Page 73 and 74:
Figure 2: Scatter plots representin
Page 75 and 76:
Page 77 and 78:
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Ecological and anthropogenic covariates ... - GANGAPEDIA

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