Ecological and anthropogenic covariates ... - GANGAPEDIA

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Estimating population size To estimate abundance using capture-recapture methods, a capture history matrix for each identified individual will be constructed, in the standard ‘X’ matrix format (Otis et al., 1978) such that each entry assumes the value ‘1’ for being captured in that particular sampling occasion, or the value ‘0’ for not being captured in the same sampling occasion. Thus, a capture-history of 1001 would mean that a gharial was captured (photographed) on the first and fourth sampling occasions but not on the second and third occasions. Capture histories will be constructed separately for either side since most captures were obtained of only one side, and the side with most captures will be used in the analysis. Capture – Recapture data analysis and the estimation of abundance will be carried out using the software MARK or CAPTURE. Closure will also be tested statistically using MARK or CAPTURE. Results Over 400 usable photographs were obtained during the 4 sampling occasions. Preliminary analysis of the photographs suggests site fidelity, especially among individuals of the adult and sub-adult size classes which seem to favour particular basking sites. 55
A B C Capture: 07.02.2010 Figure 1. Recapture: 04.03.2010 Figure 2. A – Black blotch on the single scute number 5, 6 (Posterior to Junction of doublecrested region) B - Black blotch on the single scute number 2, 3 (Posterior to Junction of doublecrested region) C- Black blotch below double scute 1, 2 Figure 1 refers to the ‘photo-capture’ of an adult gharial during Occasion 1 on 07.02.2010, while Figure 2 refers to the ‘photo-recapture’ of the same adult during Occasion 2 on 04.03.2010, after a period of 26 days. The two photographs have been matched on the basis of the presence and position of natural blotches on the lateral scutes and on the single-crested caudal scutes. This demonstrates that photographic identification of wild gharial is a feasible technique for identifying individuals, in order to estimate population size in a capture – recapture framework. 56
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Ecological and anthropogenic covari
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variable data like river discharge,
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Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Page 7 and 8:
In the face of increasing proposals
Page 9 and 10: Chapter 1 Ecological and Anthropoge
Page 11 and 12: Introduction Humans live disproport
Page 13 and 14: Despite the release of over 5000 yo
Page 15 and 16: its 523 km run, the river passes th
Page 17 and 18: sites considered favourble based on
Page 19 and 20: correction factor for the float mea
Page 21 and 22: Variable (type) Measurement Details
Page 23 and 24: interpolation deriving from regiona
Page 25 and 26: the effects of covariates measured
Page 27 and 28: We compared Zero-Inflated Poisson (
Page 29 and 30: Assessing changes in habitat availa
Page 31 and 32: Figure 6: Box-and-whiskers plots co
Page 33 and 34: Occasion 1: Residual mean deviance
Page 35 and 36: Occasion 3: Residual mean deviance:
Page 37 and 38: Discussion Humans have preferential
Page 39 and 40: Tucker et al. (1997) report that pr
Page 41 and 42: once caught in the net are wary of
Page 43 and 44: Bustard, HR and LAK Singh. 1977. St
Page 45 and 46: Hutton, J. 1989. Movements, home ra
Page 47 and 48: Oliver, M.A., R. Webster. 1990. Kri
Page 49 and 50: Chapter 2 Photographic identificati
Page 51 and 52: Hussain, 2009); and is especially a
Page 53 and 54: data also enables the estimation of
Page 55 and 56: A 600km stretch of the Chambal Rive
Page 57 and 58: Marked animals were accorded no exc
Page 59: Single-crested region Figure 2: Lat
Page 63 and 64: (Nichols, 1992). Since gharials are
Page 65 and 66: and Ross, JP. 2007. Gavialis ganget
Page 67 and 68: Mazzoil M., McCulloch S.D., Defran
Page 69 and 70: GENERAL CONCLUSION Humans have pref
Page 71 and 72: APPENDIX - 1 Figure 1: Scatter plot
Page 73 and 74: Figure 2: Scatter plots representin
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