Valeurs seuils pour le rapport coût-efficacité en soins de santé - KCE

KCE reports 100 ICER Thresholds 3
GLOSSARY
Beveridge-type health care system Taxation-funded public health service system (named after
William Beveridge, 20 th century British economist and politician).
Bismarck-type health care system Health care system where public and private providers are
reimbursed by compulsory health insurance funds (named after
Otto von Bismarck, 19 th century German chancellor).
Confidence interval (CI) Statistical concept. Interval likely to include the estimated
parameter with a given confidence level, for example 95% CI.
Results are presented as a point estimate surrounded by its
confidence interval.
Cost-benefit analysis Type of economic evaluation in which all costs incurred and
resulting benefits of an intervention are expressed in monetary
units (e.g. €) and a net monetary gain/loss or cost-benefit ratio is
computed.
Cost-consequence analysis A variant of cost-effectiveness analysis in which the components
of incremental costs and consequences (health outcomes) of
alternative programmes are computed and listed, without
Cost-effectiveness acceptability
curve
aggregation into a cost-effectiveness ratio or cost-utility ratio.
Curve representing the probability of an intervention being costeffective
(Y-axis), given different values for the ICER threshold
value (X-axis). The curve reflects the uncertainty around the
ICER estimate.
Cost-effectiveness analysis Method of comparing alternative treatments in which the costs
and consequences of the treatments vary. The outcomes of
alternative treatments are measured in the same non-monetary
(natural) unit (e.g. life years gained, events avoided, …).
Cost-minimisation analysis Method of comparing the costs of alternative health
interventions that are assumed to have an equivalent effect on
health outcomes.
Cost-utility analysis Special form of cost-effectiveness analysis in which the costs per
unit of ‘utility’ are calculated. The term is also frequently used
for economic evaluations that take the impact of an intervention
on health-related quality of life into account, irrespective of
whether the outcome measure can be regarded as a true utility
measure in its theoretical economic sense. The most commonly
used outcome measure in cost-utility analyses is the qualityadjusted
life year (QALY).
Credibility interval Confidence interval around a cost-effectiveness ratio resulting
from an economic model. In contrast to statistical confidence
intervals, the values within a credibility interval are not actually
observed but result from a mathematical model, making
assumptions about the relationships and distributions of input
variables.
Discounting Economic concept to handle time-preference, using a method of
calculation by which costs and benefits occurring at different
moments in time can be compared. Discounting converts the
value of future costs and benefits into their present value to
account for positive time preferences for benefits (preference
for current benefits as compared to future benefits) and negative
time preferences for costs (preference for future costs as
compared to current costs).
Economic evaluation Comparative analysis of alternative courses of action in terms of
Effectiveness
(effectiviteit/doeltreffendheid;
efficacité réelle/efficacité pratique
Efficacy (efficaciteit/werkzaamheid;
efficacité théorique/efficacité
expérimentale/efficacité
both their costs and consequences.
The extent to which health interventions achieve health
improvements in real-life settings.
The extent to which health interventions achieve health
improvements under ideal controlled conditions (as for example
in randomised controlled trials)