Implementing IIR/FIR Filters
Implementing IIR/FIR Filters
Implementing IIR/FIR Filters
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“The canonic<br />
(direct form II)<br />
network has<br />
trade-offs that<br />
must be<br />
carefully<br />
understood and<br />
analyzed for the<br />
particular<br />
application.”<br />
SECTION 3<br />
Single-Section<br />
Canonic Form<br />
(Direct Form II)<br />
The single-section canonic form network is discussed<br />
in the following paragraphs.<br />
3.11 The Canonic-Form<br />
Difference Equation<br />
The direct-form difference equation, rewritten from<br />
Eqn. 2-18, is:<br />
2<br />
2<br />
yn ( ) = ∑ b<br />
i<br />
xn ( – 1)<br />
– ∑ ajy( n – 1)<br />
Eqn. 3-20<br />
i = 0<br />
j = 1<br />
Eqn. 3-20 can be represented by the diagram of Figure<br />
3-24 (a). This diagram is the same as those<br />
shown in Figure 2-10, Figure 2-13, Figure 2-16, and<br />
Figure 2-19, except that the summations have been<br />
separated to highlight the correspondence with Eqn.<br />
3-20. From this diagram, it is clear that the direct-form<br />
implementation requires four delay elements or,<br />
equivalently, four internal memory locations.<br />
MOTOROLA 3-1
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