Long-term Memory
Long-term Memory
Long-term Memory
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• Bilateral damage to the medial temporal lobes (including<br />
the hippocampus)<br />
– inability to make new memories<br />
• anterograde amnesia<br />
– some loss of old memories from just before the damage<br />
• retrograde amnesia<br />
– sources of damage<br />
• permanent: Surgery, stroke, hypoxia, head injury, encephalitis<br />
• progressive: Korsakoff’s syndrome, Alzheimer’s disease<br />
• temporary: electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), benzodiazepines<br />
• unilateral hippocampal damage<br />
– left = verbal memory<br />
– right = spatial memory<br />
• hippocampal versus parahippocampal damage<br />
– recall versus familiarity?<br />
brain<br />
damage<br />
PAST PRESENT<br />
retrograde<br />
anterograde
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