Legitimate use of military force against state-sponsored - Air University
Legitimate use of military force against state-sponsored - Air University
Legitimate use of military force against state-sponsored - Air University
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KEY<br />
APPENDIX A<br />
USES OF ARMED FORCE CHECKLIST<br />
(LEGAL)<br />
Option #: Potential legal basis for action<br />
Source: Origin <strong>of</strong> legal justification<br />
Article 38, Statutes <strong>of</strong> International Court <strong>of</strong> Justice (ICJ), identifies<br />
three origins <strong>of</strong> international law: custom (the practice <strong>of</strong> <strong>state</strong>s accepted<br />
as legally required), treaty (bilateral and multilateral agreements ratified<br />
by <strong>state</strong>s), and general principles recognized by civilized nations<br />
(common principles <strong>of</strong> law found in the domestic legal systems <strong>of</strong> <strong>state</strong>s<br />
which can, therefore, be given international law application).<br />
Acceptability Degree to which international<br />
community has accepted legal<br />
justification in principle.<br />
Ratings: high, moderate, or low.<br />
Cross-reference: Location <strong>of</strong> explanatory text in this<br />
study.<br />
Review text before using checklist!<br />
Conditions: Requirements <strong>of</strong> legal justification<br />
that must be satisfied; all must be met.<br />
Option 1: Individual Self-Defense<br />
Source: Custom and treaty (UN Charter, art. 51)<br />
Acceptability: High<br />
Cross-reference: Chapter 4<br />
Conditions:<br />
1. The purpose <strong>of</strong> the action is to preserve the status quo, to be preventive and not<br />
punitive.<br />
2. The action is in response to a prior unlawful act.