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2009 Vienna - European Society of Human Genetics

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Genomics, Genomic technology and Epigenetics<br />

P10.87<br />

Phylogeography <strong>of</strong> human Y chromosome haplogroup R1b1b2<br />

(R-m269) in Europe<br />

F. Cruciani1 , C. Antonelli1 , B. Trombetta1 , D. Sellitto2 , P. Moral3 , R. Pascone1 ,<br />

R. Scozzari1 ;<br />

1 2 3 Sapienza University <strong>of</strong> Rome, Rome, Italy, CNR, Rome, Italy, University <strong>of</strong><br />

Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.<br />

The human Y chromosome haplogroup R1b1b2 (R-M269) displays an<br />

extremely wide geographic distribution within Europe, with a decreasing<br />

frequency cline from Iberia (frequencies up to 90%) towards the<br />

Balkans (usually less than 10%). Previous studies have proposed that<br />

the observed R1b1b2 frequency cline is due to a population expansion<br />

from an Iberian Ice-age refugium after the LGM (Malaspina et al. 1998;<br />

Semino et al. 2000).<br />

In this study, we explored the phylogeography <strong>of</strong> the human Y chromosome<br />

haplogroup R1b1b2 by analyzing more than 2,000 males<br />

from Europe. The haplogroup-defining marker M269 (Cruciani et al.<br />

2002), and two additional internal markers (U106 and U152, Sims et al<br />

2007) which identify internal branches (R1b1b2g and R1b1b2h) were<br />

analyzed. The paragroup R1b1b2*(xR1b1b2g, R1b1b2h) and the haplogroups<br />

R1b1b2g and R1b1b2h showed quite different frequency distribution<br />

patterns within Europe, with frequency peaks in the Iberian<br />

Peninsula, northern Europe and northern Italy/France, respectively.<br />

The overall frequency pattern <strong>of</strong> R1b1b2 haplogroup is suggestive <strong>of</strong><br />

multiple events <strong>of</strong> migration and expansion within Europe rather than<br />

a single and uniform spread <strong>of</strong> people from an Iberian Ice-age refugium.<br />

References:<br />

Malaspina et al. (1998) Am J Hum Genet 63:847-860<br />

Semino et al. (2000) Science 290:1155-1159<br />

Cruciani et al. (2002) Am J Hum Genet 70:1197-1214<br />

Sims et al. (2007) Hum Mutat 28:97<br />

P10.88<br />

Diversity <strong>of</strong> Y-stRs in the representative sample <strong>of</strong> the local<br />

human population <strong>of</strong> canton sarajevo residents<br />

M. Cenanovic1 , L. Kovacevic1 , N. Pojskic1 , J. Avdic1 , D. Marjanovic1,2 ;<br />

1Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Sarajevo, Bosnia and<br />

Herzegovina, 2Genos d.o.o., Zagreb, Croatia.<br />

In one <strong>of</strong> our previous population studies <strong>of</strong> B&H human population,<br />

we used twelve Y-chromosomal short tandem repeats loci incorporated<br />

in the PowerPlex ® Y System to generate Bosnian Y-STR referent<br />

database. Wishing to test these results in order to obtain specific<br />

results in various DNA analyses for the local human population<br />

<strong>of</strong> Canton Sarajevo residents, we have decided to test DNA samples<br />

collected from 100 unrelated healthy male individuals from Sarajevo at<br />

twelve Y-linked short tandem repeats loci. Qiagen DnaeasyTM Tissue<br />

Kit was used for DNA extraction from buccal swabs and PowerPlex ®<br />

Y System (Promega Corp., Madison, WI) has been used to simultaneously<br />

amplify by PCR 12 Y-STR loci. The STR loci that were used are:<br />

DYS19, DYS385a, DYS385b, DYS389I, DYS389II, DYS390, DYS391,<br />

DYS392, DYS393, DYS437, DYS438 and DYS439. The total volume<br />

<strong>of</strong> PCR reaction was 5μl. PCR amplifications were carried out in PE<br />

GeneAmp PCR System Thermal Cycler. Electrophoresis <strong>of</strong> the amplification<br />

products was preformed on an ABI PRISM 310 genetic analyzer<br />

(ABI, Foster City, CA) according to the manufacturer’s recommendations.<br />

The raw data were compiled and analyzed using the accessory<br />

s<strong>of</strong>tware: ABI PRISM ® Data Collection S<strong>of</strong>tware and Genemapper ®<br />

v3.2. In addition, we compared obtained Sarajevo data with the data<br />

previously obtained from the entire Bosnian and Herzegovinian population,<br />

as well with geographically closer <strong>European</strong> populations. The<br />

results <strong>of</strong> this study will be used as guidelines in additional improving <strong>of</strong><br />

investigation <strong>of</strong> genetic relationship between recent local B&H populations,<br />

both isolated and opened, initiated in our previous researches.<br />

P10.89<br />

the genetic position <strong>of</strong> Western Brittany (Finistère, France) in<br />

the celtic Y chromosome landscape<br />

K. Rouault 1,2 , C. Branco 3,4 , V. Scotet 1 , L. Mota-Vieira 3,4 , C. Ferec 1,2 ;<br />

1 INSERM U 613, Brest, France, 2 CHU Brest, Hop Morvan, Laboratoire de génétique<br />

moléculaire, Brest, France, 3 Molecular <strong>Genetics</strong> and Pathology Unit,<br />

Hospital <strong>of</strong> Divino Espirito Santo <strong>of</strong> Ponta Delgada, EPE, São Miguel Island,<br />

Azores, Portugal, 4 Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal.<br />

Brittany, a large peninsula located at the western part <strong>of</strong> France, is <strong>of</strong><br />

particular interest because <strong>of</strong> its historical settlement and its relative<br />

geographic and cultural isolation. Brittany was invaded by waves <strong>of</strong><br />

migration from Britain and Ireland between the 4th and 7th centuries<br />

and, therefore, belongs to the Brythonic branch <strong>of</strong> the Insular Celtic<br />

language. We have focused our study on the department <strong>of</strong> Finistère,<br />

the most western territorial unit <strong>of</strong> Brittany, and its administrative and<br />

historical areas. To explore the diversity <strong>of</strong> the Y-chromosome, we analyzed<br />

a total <strong>of</strong> 348 unrelated males using a combination <strong>of</strong> 23 biallelic<br />

markers and 12 microsatellite loci. The molecular analysis revealed<br />

that 82.2% <strong>of</strong> the Y chromosomes fell into haplogroup R1b, placing<br />

Finistère within the Western <strong>European</strong> landscape. Interestingly, at a<br />

microgeographical level, differences were detected by the haplogroup<br />

R1a* being confined to the south <strong>of</strong> the department, while haplogroups<br />

E3b, F, G, J2, K and R1a1 were found in the north. Nevertheless, geographical<br />

distribution <strong>of</strong> haplogroups and haplotypes suggested territorial<br />

homogeneity inside Finistère. Most <strong>of</strong> the Y-chromosomal gene<br />

pool in Finistère is shared with <strong>European</strong>, especially British, populations,<br />

thus corroborating the historical reports <strong>of</strong> ancient migrations<br />

to Brittany. Finally, the results are consistent with those obtained from<br />

classic genetic markers and support the Celtic paternal heritage <strong>of</strong> the<br />

Finistère population.<br />

P10.90<br />

the N1b (N2) Y-chromosome haplogroup structure in Khanty<br />

gene pool<br />

O. Medvedeva1 , V. Kharkov2 , V. Stepanov2 ;<br />

1 2 Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russian Federation, Institute for Medical<br />

<strong>Genetics</strong>, Tomsk, Russian Federation.<br />

Haplogroup N1b (N2) is one <strong>of</strong> the major Y-chromosome variant in<br />

South Siberia and North Asian Finno-Ugric population. In present<br />

study a total sample <strong>of</strong> 112 males from two villages <strong>of</strong> Khanty-Mansi<br />

Autonomous Area (Kazym and Russkinskie) <strong>of</strong> Siberia was typed with<br />

52 Y-chromosomal SNP markers. Five haplogroups (N1b (N2), N1c1<br />

(N3à), Q*, R1a1 and R1b1b2 (R1b3)) were found in the Khanty gene<br />

pool. The maximal frequency has N1b (N2) haplogroup: 67% in Kazym<br />

population and 41% in Russkinskie population.<br />

An analysis <strong>of</strong> molecular variance (AMOVA) based on Y-chromosomal<br />

haplogroups showed that the variation observed between the two<br />

populations is 20.6%, indicated the high genetic subdivision <strong>of</strong> Khanty<br />

gene pool. The STR genetic diversity was H=0.49 in Kazym population<br />

and H=0.68 in Russkinskie population.<br />

To reconstruct the structure <strong>of</strong> Y-chromosome haplogroup N1b (N2) in<br />

Khanty we have analyzed the diversity <strong>of</strong> seventeen Y-chromosomal<br />

microsatellite (STR) loci. Median network analysis <strong>of</strong> STR data demonstrates<br />

that haplogroup N1b (N2) is represented by two subclusters,<br />

showing recent expansion times. It is also shown that haplogroup N1b<br />

(N2) is characterized by high frequency <strong>of</strong> founder haplotype, which<br />

includes 40% <strong>of</strong> all explored Y-chromosomes. The N1b founder haplotype<br />

in Khanty is the same as the ancestral haplotype for the whole<br />

linage; and Khanty represents the maximum <strong>of</strong> the frequency suggesting<br />

the North Siberian origin <strong>of</strong> N1b.<br />

P11. Genomics, Genomic technology and<br />

Epigenetics<br />

P11.001<br />

simultaneous mutation and cNV detection by multiplex PcR<br />

based Gs FLX sequencing.<br />

D. Goossens1,2 , L. Moens1,2 , A. Lenaerts1,2 , W. Glassee1,2 , P. De Rijk1,2 , J. Del-<br />

Favero1,2 ;<br />

1Applied Molecular Genomics Group, Department <strong>of</strong> Molecular <strong>Genetics</strong>, VIB,<br />

Antwerp, Belgium, 2University <strong>of</strong> Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.<br />

We evaluated multiplex PCR amplification as a front-end for highthroughput<br />

sequencing to widen the applicability <strong>of</strong> massive parallel<br />

sequencers for the detailed analysis <strong>of</strong> complex genomes. Using multiplex<br />

PCR reactions, we sequenced the complete coding regions <strong>of</strong><br />

7 genes implicated in peripheral neuropathies in 40 individuals on a<br />

Genome Sequencer FLX. The resulting dataset showed highly specific<br />

and uniform amplification. Comparison <strong>of</strong> the 454 data with the dataset<br />

generated by Sanger sequencing confirmed the detection <strong>of</strong> all

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