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NORTH DAKOTA Net Metering Adopted in 1991, North Dakota's net-metering rules apply both to renewable-energy generators and cogenerators (combined-heat-and-power systems) up to 100 kilowatts (kW) in capacity. Net metering is available to all customer classes. There is no statewide limit on the total capacity of all net-metered systems. If a customer has net excess generation (NEG) at the end of a monthly billing period, the utility must purchase the NEG at the utility's avoided-cost rate. Customer-generators retain ownership of renewable-energy credits (RECs) associated with customer load, while RECs associated with NEG convey to the utility (with compensation to the customer-generator). Renewable Energy Portfolio In March 2007, the North Dakota enacted legislation (H.B. 1506) establishing an objective that 10% of all retail electricity sold in the state be obtained from renewable energy and recycled energy by 2015. The objective must be measured by qualifying megawatt-hours (MWh) delivered at retail or by credits purchased and retired to offset nonqualifying retail sales. This objective is voluntary; there is no penalty or sanction for a retail provider of electricity that fails to meet the objective. Municipal utilities and electric cooperatives that receive wholesale electricity through a municipal power agency or generation and transmission cooperative may aggregate their renewable and recycled energy objective resources to meet the objective. Eligible resources include electricity produced solar, wind, biomass, hydropower, geothermal, hydrogen derived from another eligible resource, and recycled energy systems producing electricity from currently unused waste heat resulting from combustion or other processes. (The term "recycled energy system" does not include waste heat captured from any system designed primarily to generate electricity.) Hydroelectric facilities must have an in-service date of January 1, 2007, or later, or qualify as new hydroelectric generation obtained from repowering or efficiency improvements to existing facilities. In order to qualify for renewable electricity and recycled energy objective credits, a generating source must meet the requirements of North Dakota Public Service Commission's (PSC) rules for tracking, recording and verifying renewable energy certificates (RECs). RECs do not need to be acquired from an in-state facility. There are special conditions for hydroelectric facilities. Electricity generation applied to the renewable energy and recycled energy objective, as well as certificate purchases and certificate retirements, must be independently verified through a third-party credit tracking system selected by the PSC. In June 2008 the PSC issued an order selecting the Midwest Renewable Energy Tracking System (M-RETS) for this purpose. 31
Before using new renewable and recycled energy after August 1, 2007, to meet the objective, each retail provider or its generation supplier was required to make an economic evaluation to determine if the use of new renewable and recycled energy is cost-effective considering other electricity alternatives. After evaluating the renewable and recycled energy objective and economic evaluation, the retail provider or its generation supplier may use the electricity alternative that best meets its resource or customer needs. SOUTH DAKOTA Renewable Energy Portfolio In February 2008, South Dakota enacted legislation establishing an objective that by 2015, 10% of all retail electricity sales be obtained from renewable and recycled energy. The objective applies to all retail providers of electricity within the state regardless of ownership. As a voluntary objective, there are no penalties or sanctions for retail providers that fail to meet the goal. Before using any renewable or recycled energy after July 1, 2008, to meet the objective, retail providers or their generation suppliers must evaluate whether the use of new renewable and recycled energy is cost-effective and reasonable, taking into consideration other electricity alternatives. This evaluation may then be used to decide on an alternative that best meets a retail provider's resource or customer needs. The objective may be met either through sales of qualifying electricity or through renewable energy credits (RECs) purchased and retired to offset non-qualifying retail sales. Qualifying electricity includes that produced from wind, solar, hydroelectric, biomass* or geothermal technologies. Also eligible is electricity generated from currently unused waste heat from combustion or another process that does not use an additional combustion process and that is not the result of a system whose primary purpose is the generation of electricity. Finally, hydrogen generated from any of the preceding resources is eligible. The current definitions stem from H.B. 1272, enacted in March 2008. For the purpose of calculating the amount of electricity needed to meet the objective, retail providers may deduct from their baseline retail sales the proportion of electricity obtained from hydroelectric facilities with an in-service date before July 1, 2008. Municipal and cooperative utilities that receive wholesale electricity through a municipal power agency or generation and transmission cooperative may aggregate their resources to meet the objective. In addition to meeting the technology eligibility criteria described above, electricity must also meet the South Dakota Public Utilities Commission's (PUC) rules for tracking, recording and verifying RECs. The PUC is authorized to develop such rules under SDCL 32
Page 2 and 3: A. Inhaltsverzeichnis A. Inhaltsver
Page 4 and 5: D. Studie 1.0 Marktstudie & Analyse
Page 6 and 7: Abbildung 2: Existierende Windkraft
Page 8 and 9: Abbildung 3: US-Windenergiekapazit
Page 10 and 11: Wachstum und Tendenzen Erneuerbare
Page 12 and 13: Abbildung 8 veranschaulicht die erw
Page 14 and 15: Internationale Standards werden nun
Page 16 and 17: Leistungsumfang - Dieser Standard b
Page 18 and 19: WG 9 Certification Standard Leistun
Page 20 and 21: Schlussendlich können Verbraucher
Page 22 and 23: e applied to applications at each l
Page 24 and 25: pay for the costs of installing nec
Page 26 and 27: 105 MW between the two utilities ba
Page 28 and 29: sales of electricity minus the annu
Page 30 and 31: Consistent with M-RETS operating pr
Page 34 and 35: 49-34A-94 et seq., but it has not y
Page 36 and 37: Category 1: 20 (kilowatts) kW or le
Page 38 and 39: achieved, the PSC must indicate why
Page 40 and 41: Jedoch ist anzumerken, dass die ein
Page 42 and 43: das General Depreciation System (GD
Page 44 and 45: and produce electricity solely for
Page 46 and 47: Minnesota also issues a payment of
Page 48 and 49: If the amount of the credit exceeds
Page 50 and 51: Commercial wind facilities smaller
Page 52 and 53: Westen. Eine Auflistung aller im Ba
Page 54 and 55: Geplante Anlagen: Name Location Pow
Page 56 and 57: WISCONSIN Power Capacity - Existing
Page 58 and 59: Erfolg vorhanden sein sollte, kurzf
Page 60 and 61: ichtige Anlaufstellen zu kontaktier
Page 62 and 63: Schwächen des amerikanischen Markt
Page 64 and 65: Abbildung 11: Windturbinenherstelle
Page 66: E. Anhang Anhang A Förderprogramme

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