Freedom of Information: A Comparative Legal Survey - Federation of ...

43. Report of the 65th Meeting of the Steering Committee for Human Rights from 6-9
November 2007, CDDH(2007)023, 22 November 2007. On fi le with the author.
44. Adopted 7 December 2000, Offi cial Journal of the European Communities, 18
December 2000, C 364/01. Available at: http://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/
cms_data/docs/2004/4/29/Charter%20of%20fundemental%20rights%20of%20the%
20European%20Union.pdf.
45. The draft Reform Treaty is available at: http://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/
cmsUpload/cg00014.en07.pdf.
46. 32nd Ordinary Session of the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights,
17-23 October 2002, Banjul, The Gambia. Available at: http://www.achpr.org/english/
declarations/declaration_freedom_exp_en.html.
47. Adopted at Nairobi, Kenya, 26 June 1981, OAU Doc. CAB/LEG/67/3 rev. 5, 21 I.L.M.
58 (1982), entered into force 21 October 1986. Article 9 is somewhat weaker in its
formulation than its counterparts in other regional systems, but the African Commission
has generally sought to provide positive interpretation of it.
48. Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting, 20 October 1991, paras. 4 and 9.
See also the Millbrook Commonwealth Action Programme, Commonwealth Heads of
Government Meeting, 12 November 1995.
49. Quoted in “Promoting Open Government: Commonwealth Principles and Guidelines on
the Right to Know”, background paper for the Commonwealth Expert Group Meeting
on the Right to Know and the Promotion of Democracy and Development (London:
30-31 March 1999).
50. Quoted in Promoting Open Government: Commonwealth Principles and Guidelines on the
Right to Know, background paper for the Commonwealth Expert Group Meeting on the
Right to Know and the Promotion of Democracy and Development (London: 30-31
March 1999).
51. Communiqué, Meeting of Commonwealth Law Ministers (Port of Spain: 10 May 1999).
52. The Durban Communiqué (Durban: Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting, 15
November 1999), para. 57.
53. Communiqué, Commonwealth Functional Co-operation Report of the Committee of the
Whole (Durban: Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting, 15 November 1999),
para. 20.
54. The Freedom of Information Act is available at: http://www.thecommonwealth.org/shared_
asp_files/uploadedfiles/%7BAC090445-A8AB-490B-8D4B-F110BD2F3AB1%7D_
Freedom%20of%20Information.pdf and the Privacy Act is available at: http://www.
thecommonwealth.org/shared_asp_fi les/uploadedfi les/%7B82BDA409-2C88-4AB5-
9E32-797FE623DFB8%7D_protection%20of%20privacy.pdf.
55. Compulsory Membership in an Association Prescribed by Law for the Practice of Journalism,
Advisory Opinion OC-5/85, 13 November 1985, para. 30.
56. Ibid., paras. 32 and 70.
57. Claude Reyes and Others v. Chile, 19 September 2006, Series C No. 151, para. 77 (Inter-
American Court of Human Rights). Available at: http://www.corteidh.or.cr/docs/casos/
articulos/seriec_151_ing.doc.
58. Ibid., paras. 88-92.
59. Ibid., para. 174.
60. 26 March 1987, Application No. 9248/81, 9 EHRR 433.
61. 7 July 1989, Application No. 10454/83, 12 EHRR 36.
62. 19 February 1998, Application No. 14967/89.
63. 9 June 1998, Application Nos. 21825/93 and 23414/94.
64. 13 February 2003, Application No. 42326/98.
65. 15 June 2004, Applications Nos. 73562/01, 73565/01, 73712/01, 73744/01, 73972/01
and 73973/01.
66. 19 October 2005, Application No. 32555/96.
67. Neither McGinley nor Odièvre involved Article 10 complaints. Both cases were, rather,
based on other articles, including Article 8.
68. Leander, para. 74.
69. Roche, para. 172.
70. In Sîrbu, there was no holding on the claim of access to information.
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