IntensIve sIlvIculture - Forest Science Labs - Research Network ...

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232. Hadfield, J.S. 1988. Integrated pest management of a western spruce budworm outbreak in the
Pacific Northwest. Northwest-Environmental-Journal 4(2): 301-312.
Keywords: tree/stand protection
tree/stand health
economics
Abstract: The integrated pest management of the tortricid Choristoneura occidentalis on
Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and true fir (Abies spp.) in the Northwest USA is described.
Details of the population dynamics and impact of this pest are given. The integrated pest
management programme involves the following steps: monitoring the pest-food plant system to
measure populations and damage; evaluating the effects of the outbreak; developing alternative
strategies for managing the outbreak; evaluating the economic and environmental consequences
of these strategies; selecting a strategy; and monitoring the implemented strategy.
233. Hadfield, J.S. and P.T. Flanagan. 2000. Dwarf mistletoe pruning may induce Douglas-fir beetle
attacks. Western-Journal-of-Applied-Forestry 15(1): 34-36.
Keywords: tree/stand protection
tree/stand health
Abstract: Fresh attacks by Douglas fir beetles (Dendroctonus pseudotsugae) to Douglas fir
(Pseudotsuga menziesii) trees growing in a camp site in Wenatchee National Forest, central
Washington, USA, were found following pruning to remove dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium
douglasii) infections. All Douglas fir trees with a diameter at breast height (dbh) of at least 12.7
cm were examined. Beetle attacks were found on 41% of pruned trees and 5% of unpruned trees.
Among pruned trees, both the average number of branches pruned and the average dbh were
greater in trees attacked by Douglas fir beetles than in unattacked trees.
234. Haglund, W.A., K.W. Russell and R.C. Holland. 1981. Moss control in container-grown conifer
seedlings. Tree-Planters' Notes 32(3): 27-29.
Keywords: nursery operations
tree/stand protection
tree/stand health
Abstract: Seedlings grown in styroblock containers were sprayed with 8 surfactants, or
combinations of surfactant and the fungicide captan. Phytotoxicity and moss control were
recorded 7 and 14 days after treatment and trees were measured after 30-60 days. The least
phytotoxic surfactant was X77; this had no significant effect on ht., stem diam. and total wt. of
Pseudotsuga menziesii or Tsuga heterophylla seedlings. Almost complete moss control was
achieved with 40-80 lb captan and 2.5-10 gal X77 in 100 gal water applied to Abies procera
seedlings; treatment with the highest concn. (80 lb captan and 10 gal X77) was only phytotoxic
when the seedlings already had foliar injury. In Tsuga heterophylla treatment with captan and
X77 at various concn. caused tree injury only at 80-90 degrees F, but not at 60-65 degrees F.
235. Hahn, P.F. and A.J. Smith. 1983. Douglas-fir planting stock performance comparison after the
third growing season. Tree-Planters' Notes 34(1): 33-39.
Keywords: nursery operations
planting operations