The Goddess Fortuna in Imperial Rome: Cult, Art, Text - University of ...

archaic Tyche statue is doubtful. 208 A lack of numismatic representations of
Tyche before the mid-fourth century BCE supports Fullerton’s hypothesis. He
argues that Pausanias may have confused the archaic sculptor Boupalos with the
homonymous Hellenistic sculptor. 209 Fullerton suggests that Tyche statuary
gradually accumulated its implements, beginning in the mid- to late fourth
century BCE, not before. Recently, his argument has found favor among many
archaeologists and art historians. 210
Despite the recent questioning of the Boupalos Tyche statue, by the late
sixth century BCE, literary sources define the cornucopia as an agrarian symbol
and the horn of Amaltheia. 211 It appears on vases by the second quarter of the
fifth century BCE. 212 In the fifth century, the cornucopia becomes the attribute of
208 Original statuary masterpieces and later “copies” of them have been the subject of several
individual studies of Fortuna and Tyche statuary. See Palagia (1982) on the statue of Agathe
Tyche in the Athenian agora, Nippe (1989) on the stylistic and typological study of the Fortuna
Braccio Nuovo type, Edwards (1990) on a Tyche statue with Nemesis attributes in the Corinthian
agora, and Traversari (1993), on the workshop that produced the Tyche of Prusias ad Hypium.
See below.
209 Fullerton (1990) 85-102. It is plausible that Pausanias mistook a statue with archaistic
features for the archaic statue by Boupalos (if, in fact, it had existed, and was lost or destroyed).
See Ridgway (1993) 303-319 for a discussion of archaic, archaizing, and archaistic statues. For a
more recent (and different) attempt to define these terms, see Fullerton (1998b) 69-77. Indeed, a
reproduction of a lost original may not have been a faithful reproduction, depending on the aims of
the sculptor and patron: Bartman (1992), Ridgway (1984), de Grummond and Ridgway (2000).
210 E.g., Palagia (1994) 65, fn. 4 for a recent bibliography of authors who argue the Tyche statue
was created by a Hellenistic sculptor Boupalous and not the archaic sculptor.
211 Phokylides, Frg. 7 (ed. T. Bergk, PLG II), Anakreon, Frg. 8 (ed. T. Bergk, PLG III), Bemmann
(1994) 16.
212 Bemmann (1994) 18.
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