Conservation farming on steep lands - USAid

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284 CONTRIBUTORS Aclimad M. Fagi Researcl~ Coordinator for Far~iiing Systerns Research, UpL;~nd Agriculture and <strong>Conservation</strong> Frc~jcct, Cika~~ipck, Kcpublic of Indonesia Jerry Hiimmond Director, International Activities, Soil <strong>Conservation</strong> Service, U.S. Dcp;lrtnlcnt of Agriculture, Washington. D.C. David E. Murpcr Fe!low. Environment and Pblicy Institute, East-West Center, Honoluiu, Hawaii Su-cherng Mu Senior Specialist, Rcsourccs <strong>Conservation</strong> Division, Coui~cil of Agriculturc. Taiwan. Republic of China N. W. Hudson Silsoe Associates, Ampthill. England Hans Hurni Professor, Institute of Gcc~graphy, Berne University, Bcrnc, Switzerland hul C. Huszar Professor, Department of Agriculturai and Natural Resource Econonlics, Colorado Stale University, Fort Collins B. C. John Consultant in Soil and Water Conscrvation. Wiltshirc. England R. Lal Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy. Ohio State University, Columbus Mien-chm Liao Counsellor. Council of Agriculture, and President, Chinese Soil and Water <strong>Conservation</strong> Society, Taiwln, Republic of China Terry J. lugan Professor cf Soil Science, Department of Agronomy, Ohio State University, Columbus Stephen B. Lovejoy Piofessor, Department of Agricultural Econo~nics Purdue University. West Lafayctte. Indiana Hui-sheng Lu Assistant Researcher, Taiwan Forestry Research Institutc, Taiwan, Republic of China Cynthia Mackie Ecologist. Farming Systems Research, Upland Agriculture and <strong>Conservation</strong> Project. Cikarnpek, Republic of Indonesia Maurice J. Mousboch Soil Scientist, D;ta Syslems. Soil Conserv;~tion Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Washington. D.C.
CONTRIBUTORS 285 James R. Meini~tn Professor, Watershed M;~nagemcnt, and Vice President nnd Director. 1nternation;ll Progranls. Colorado State University, Fort Collins Ibyniond E. Meyer Soil and Water Managetncrlt Spccialist. U.S. Agcncy li~r International Devcloprncnt, Wt~shington. D.C. William C. Moldenliauer Executive Secretary, World Associi~tion of Soil and Water <strong>Conservation</strong>, Volgn. South Dakota Ted L. Napier Professor, Department of Agrici~lturtl Economil:~ and Rural Sociology, Ohio State University. Columbus L. Darrel! Norton Soil Scicntist. National Soil Erosion Laboratory, Purdue University, West Laf;lyette, Indiana Eric Roose Soil Scientist, ORSTOM, Montpellier, France D. W. Sanders Senior Officer, Soil <strong>Conservation</strong>, Food and Agriculture Organization, United Nations. Rome, Italy T. F. Shaxson Technical Advisor (Land Husbandry). Food and Agriculture Organization, United Nations, Brasilia. Brazil Ted C. Sheng Frokssor, Watershed Management, Colorirdo State University, Fort Collins Donald B. Thomas Professor, Department of Agricultural Engineering, University of Natrobi, Nairobi, Kenya Grant W. Thomas Professor, Department of Agricultural Science. University of Kentucky, Lexington Fredcrick Cl~arles Tracy Soil and Water <strong>Conservation</strong> Specialist, Chemonics International Consulting, Carmichael, California Kunng-jung Tsai Associate Professor. National Pingtung Institute of Agriculture, Taiwan. Republic of China Rafncl A. Veloz Technician, Department of Soil and Water. Subsecretary of Agriculture, Dominican Republic
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C O N S E R V A T I O N O N S T E E
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Foreword. ix Preface. xiii 1 Tiltin
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CONTENTS vii Denionstration and ext
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Soil degradation is one of the majo
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FOREWORD xi tunities exist in both
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xiv PPEFACE Arledge, Max Schnepf. m
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Tilting at windmills or tighfing re
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TILTING AT WINDMILLS 5 tions is mor
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TILTING AT WINDMILLS 7 social issue
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Conserving soil by stealth T. F. Sh
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CONSERVING SOIL BY STEALTH 11 P Veg
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CONSERVING SOIL BL' STEALTH 13 To s
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CONSERVING SOIL BY STEALTH 15 on cl
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Using this line of thought, we migh
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SOIL CONSERVATION ON STEEP LANES 19
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SOIL CONSERVATION ON STEEP LANDS 21
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A N D P R I I N C I L E S P R O G R
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26 TED C. SHENG and JAMES R. MEIMAN
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28 TED C. SHENG and JAMES R. MEIMAN
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30 TED C. SHENG and JAMES R. MElMAd
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32 TED C. SHENG and JAMES R. MElMAN
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34 HANS HURNl In such systems any c
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36 HANS HURNl Peru, and many other
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38 HANS HURNl Knowledge of place of
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40 HANS HURNl - - w - 3 m VI m S e
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42 HANS HURNl Figure 5. Microbasins
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44 HANS HURNl Abstracts X, In~crnat
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46 R. LAL lcni more precisely. It i
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48 R. LAL Erosion procossrs. it is
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I A. LAL of land that were once bio
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52 R. LAL having similar interests
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Food and Agriculture Organization a
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56 D. W. SANDERS vation standpoint.
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58 D. W. SANDERS In practice. this
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60 D. W. SANDERS ing simple gully c
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62 D. W. SANDERS cct approaches hnv
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64 RAYMOND E. MEYER in an agricultu
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66 RAYMOND E. MEYER way? Is anyone
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68 RAYMOND E. MEYER preferred solut
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International activities of the Soi
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72 JERRY HAMMOND tance to foreign c
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74 JERRY HAMMOND sent professional
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Sustainable agricultural developmen
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SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMEN
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z SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPM
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1 SLJSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL DEVELOP
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- taining aid maintaining conservat
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Assessirig economic benefits of soi
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Table 1. Annual land and labor ~rod
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ASSESSING ECONOMIC BENEFITS 97 BEFO
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ASSESSING ECONOMIC BENEFITS 99 BEFO
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ASSESSING ECONOMIC BENEFITS 10 1 -
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ASSESSING ECONOMIC BENEFITS 103 tar
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ASSESSING ECONOMIC BENEFITS 105 b D
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Institutional constraints soil cons
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INSTITUTIONAL CONSTRAINTS TO SOIL C
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that human beings are rational and
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developed societies to less develop
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A N D P R A C T I C E S P R O J E C
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118 N. W. HUDSON not to extrapo!ate
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120 N. W. HUDSON the focus on semia
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122 N. W. HUDSON e:eJ Bench Terrace
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124 N. W. HUDSON a grass tha: can b
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1 126 N. W. HUDSON Even if these de
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128 N. W. HUDSON it to try to elini
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130 ERIC ROOSE from individual farm
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132 ERIC ROOSE grcssivc terracing w
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134 ERIC ROOSE Groupcment Europecn
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136 ERIC ROOSE development of crops
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138 ERIC ROOSE allowing for reorgan
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Conservation of cr
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142 DONALD B. THOMAS Pererztrinl cr
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144 DONALD 8. THOMAS of teff (Eragr
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3 DONALD B. THOMAS ter content, fre
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148 DONALD 6. THOMAS Experimenz:iI
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A review of watershed development p
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152 8. C. JOHN until another is in~
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154 B. C. JOHN required. In Korea,
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156 6. C. JOHN trated in seven subw
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l!j8 B. C. JOHN tifying the full-ti
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Of'thc bur prc!jccts, Ethiopia had
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B. C. JOHN mental cffect on iiny co
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164 B. C. JOHN are available or can
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Demonstration and extension of soil
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168 JEROME E. ARLEDGE arc always in
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170 JEROME E. ARLEDGE not ncccl the
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Soil taxonomy and stees lands Thoma
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174 TI-IOMAS E. CALHOUN ET Al.. irr
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176 THOMAS E. CALHOUN ET AL. lands
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' '9 LYNDEN S. WILLIAMS and BOB J.
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out of the conservation office to a
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182 LYNDEN S. WILLIAMS and BOB J. W
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184 LYNDEN S. WILLIAMS and BOB J. W
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18t LYNDEN S. WILLIAMS and BOB J. W
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Elephant grass for soil erosion con
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190 GRANT W. THOMAS visibility to c
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192 GRANT W. THOMAS siderably lower
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C A S E S T U D I E S A N D C O U N
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198 CARL G. WENNER for soil conserv
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200 CARL G. WENNER yields arc frequ
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TO2 CARL G. WENNER Figure 6. Terrac
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204 CARL G. WENNER ing traditions.
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206 CARL G. WENNEH prograrii of fie
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208 TED C. SHENG caused a dilemma f
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Table 1. Specifications and applica
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Table 2. Maior tvues of protected w
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214 T. C. SHENG 1 produced on the p
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216 M. G. DOUGLAS (such as I;~nd. l
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218 M. G. DOUGLAS green manures, an
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220 M. G. DOUGLAS marker ridges, in
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apidly, prvduce protein rich leaves
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224 M. G. DOUGLAS fruit trees plant
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226 M. G. DOUGLAS b The social, pol
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The Eppalock catchment project: A s
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230 D. W. SANDERS to build a feelin
Page 237 and 238: 232 D. W. SANDERS quarters. Staff r
Page 239 and 240: 234 MIEN-CHUN LlAO ET AL. Bccausc o
Page 241 and 242: 236 v \ A0 ET AL. a broad, V-shaped
Page 243 and 244: 238 MIEN-CHUN LlAO ET AL. Bahiagrii
Page 245 and 246: 240 MIEN-CHUN LlAO ET AL. Figure 6.
Page 247 and 248: Soill conservation in Peru Jeffrey
Page 249 and 250: 244 JEFFREY VONK rnation and educat
Page 251 and 252: 246 JEFFREY VONK l'liird, the lest-
Page 253 and 254: ,248 DAVl NATHAN BENVENUTI this obl
Page 255 and 256: 250 DAVl NATHAN BENVENUTI that thes
Page 257 and 258: 252 DAVl NATHAN BENVENUTI 8 percent
Page 259 and 260: 28 Watershed management in Java's u
Page 261 and 262: 256 ACHMAD M. FAG1 and CYNTHIA MACK
Page 263 and 264: 258 Act-IMAD M. FAG1 and CYNTHIA MA
Page 265 and 266: 260 ACHMAD M. FAG1 and CYNTHIA MACI
Page 271 and 272: 266 FREDERICK CHARLES TRACY ing sig
Page 273 and 274: 268 FREDERICK CHARLES TRACY The cha
Page 275 and 276: 270 RAFAEL A. VELOZ and TERRY J. LO
Page 277 and 278: 272 L. DARRELL I'IOR'TON the IBM pe
Page 279 and 280: Sail and water conservation on stee
Page 281 and 282: SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION ON STEE
Page 287: Jerome E. Arledge Director (retired
Page 291 and 292: Absorption terraces, 120 Acacia tre
Page 293 and 294: INDEX col1scrv;ltion juslific;~tion
Page 295 and 296: - INDEX Indonesia crop residue use
Page 297 and 298: Peruvian crop yields. 2541 pineappl
Page 299 and 300: INDEX Sustainability, soil conscrva
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Conservation farming on steep lands - USAid

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