A computational grammar and lexicon for Maltese

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Lexicon Dict Structural Noun Verb Adjective Adverb Numeral Sentence Relative Conjunction Phrase Idiom Question Cat Content word lexicon (348 entries, common to all languages) Large-scale monolingual dictionary, typically extracted from an open-source lexicon Structural word lexicon Constructors for NP, CN, Det Constructors for VP, VPSlash, Comp Constructors for A, AP Constructors for Adv, AdV Constructors for Numeral, Digits Constructors for S, Cl, SC Constructors for RS, RCl, RP Coordination rules Constructors for Phr, Utt Idiomatic constructions Constructors for QS, QCl, IP Lincats of all categories Table A.3: Summary of common resource modules Resource module Paradigms Morpho Res Contains Morphological paradigms for constructing lexical entries Low-level morphological operations Basic oper and param definitions which are used throughout the grammar A.3 Paradigms Tables A.4 to A.7 list the paradigms and constants in the Maltese resource grammar, made available through the ParadigmsMlt module. Table A.4: Morphological paradigms: constructors Function Type Explanation masculine Gender - feminine Gender - singular Number - plural Number - form1 VDerivedForm Binyan I: daħal form2 VDerivedForm Binyan II: daħħal form3 VDerivedForm Binyan III: wieġeb form4 VDerivedForm Binyan IV: wera form5 VDerivedForm Binyan V: ddaħħal Continued on next page 69
form6 VDerivedForm Binyan VI: twieġeb form7 VDerivedForm Binyan VII: ndaħal form8 VDerivedForm Binyan VIII: ftakar form9 VDerivedForm Binyan IX: sfar form10 VDerivedForm Binyan X: stieden strong VClass Strong tri. verb: kiteb ( √ KTB) liquidMedial VClass Strong liquid-medial tri. verb: ħareġ ( √ ħRġ) geminated VClass Strong geminated tri. verb: ħabb ( √ ħBB) assimilative VClass Weak-initial tri. verb: wieġeb ( √ WġB) hollow VClass Weak-medial tri. verb: ried ( √ RJD) lacking VClass Weak-final tri. verb: mexa ( √ MXJ) defective VClass Għ-final tri. verb: qata’ ( √ QTGħ) quad VClass Strong quad. verb: ħarbat ( √ ħRBT) quadWeak VClass Weak-final quad. verb: kanta ( √ KNTJ) irregular VClass Irregular verb: af ( √ ''F) loan VClass Loan verb: ipparkja (no root) Table A.5: Morphological paradigms: nouns Function Type Explanation mkN Str -> N Noun paradigm 1: Take the singular and infer plural mkN Str -> Gender -> N Noun paradigm 1: Explicit gender mkN Str -> Str -> N Noun paradigm 1: Take the singular and explicit plural mkN Str -> Str -> Gender -> N Noun paradigm 1: Explicit gender mkN Str -> Str -> Str -> N Noun paradigm 1x: Take singular and both plurals mkN Str -> Str -> Str -> Gender -> N Noun paradigm 1x: Explicit gender mkNColl Str -> N Noun paradigm 2c: Collective form only mkNColl Str -> Str -> N Noun paradigm 2b: Collective and plural mkNColl Str -> Str -> Str -> N Noun paradigm 2: Singular, collective and plural mkNColl Str -> Str -> Str -> Str -> N Noun paradigm 2x: Singular, collective and both plurals mkNNoPlural Str -> N Noun paradigm 3: No plural mkNNoPlural Str -> Gender -> N Noun paradigm 3: Explicit gender mkNDual Str -> N Noun paradigm 4: Infer dual, plural and gender from singular Continued on next page 70
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A Computational Grammar and Lexicon
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The research work disclosed in this
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Abstract A Computational Grammar an
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Contents 1 Introduction and backgro
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4.3.1 Computational linguistics res
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B.2 Analysis of verb participles .
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Conventions The following conventio
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Maltese today is still Semitic in o
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The definite article is the proclit
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ible to the author (and thus not li
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tionary and making it available onl
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Abstract syntax At the language-ind
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Maltese concrete syntax For the Mal
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Foods> linearize Pred (These Cheese
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purposes. 1.4 Goals This section su
Page 31 and 32: Chapter 2 Resource grammar This cha
Page 33 and 34: 2.2.2 Verb The verb is arguably the
Page 35 and 36: Table 2.3: Derivational forms for t
Page 37 and 38: Verb : Type = { s : VForm => VerbSt
Page 39 and 40: one plural form. This change will b
Page 41 and 42: Table 2.11: Inflection table for tw
Page 43 and 44: Table 2.14 shows a few words from d
Page 45 and 46: fi (‘in’) il- bieb fil-bieb (
Page 47 and 48: oper Pronoun = { s : PronForm => St
Page 49 and 50: shows how each of them is expressed
Page 51 and 52: 2.3.6 Clauses The RGL covers three
Page 53 and 54: While designed primarily for applic
Page 55 and 56: 2.4.4 Coverage Abstract function im
Page 57 and 58: 2.5.2 Binding of runtime tokens Bin
Page 59 and 60: param P = P1 | P2 | P3 | P4 ; linca
Page 61 and 62: where the data structure does not i
Page 63 and 64: Table 3.1: Estimation of the number
Page 65 and 66: Importing data Importing of data in
Page 67 and 68: Figure 3.3: Searching for a wordfor
Page 69 and 70: Anchored regex db.wordforms.find({"
Page 71 and 72: 3.4 Generating full forms After cre
Page 73 and 74: Chapter 4 Conclusions This final ch
Page 75 and 76: Web application • The user interf
Page 77 and 78: Head- driven Phrase Structure Gramm
Page 79 and 80: Appendix A Resource grammar structu
Page 81: QS question where did she live fejn
Page 85 and 86: mkV_VII Str -> Str -> Root -> V For
Page 87 and 88: Appendix B Lexicon analyses B.1 Ana
Page 89 and 90: computer_N 1 kompjuter - - kompjute
Page 91 and 92: plastic_N 3 plastik - - - - policem
Page 93 and 94: eathe_V respira - - burn_V ħaraq -
Page 95 and 96: tie_V2 qafel - maqful travel_V vvja
Page 97 and 98: Appendix C Inflectional forms of a
Page 99 and 100: Perf. P1 Pl P3 Sg Masc P1 Pl - - Pe
Page 101 and 102: Perf. P2 Pl P3 Sg Masc P3 Sg Fem ft
Page 103 and 104: Perf. P3 Sg Fem P3 Sg Fem P2 Sg fet
Page 105 and 106: Impf. P1 Sg P3 Sg Fem P3 Pl niftaħ
Page 107 and 108: Impf. P2 Sg P3 Pl P2 Pl - - Impf. P
Page 109 and 110: Impf. P3 Sg Fem - - tiftaħ tiftaħ
Page 111 and 112: Imp. P2 Sg P2 Pl - - - Imp. P2 Sg P
Page 113 and 114: Appendix D Links, source code and l
Page 115 and 116: s.t. something O object P1, P2, P3
Page 117 and 118: Bibliography Angelov, Krasimir. 200
Page 119 and 120: Mangion, Gordon K. 1999. Spelling C
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A computational grammar and lexicon for Maltese

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