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5o8 BETWEEN THE OCEAN AND THE LAKES<br />
Canal. Water-front of 5 miles ; 2I- on Lake Erie, zj- on Niagara<br />
River. Lake-front gradually rises to an extended<br />
plain, 50 feet above the water. Portion of river-front a bold<br />
bluff, 60 feet above the water. City handsomely built.<br />
Streets broad and straight. Where the waters of the lake<br />
merge in the Niagara River, Buffalo Creek enters the lake<br />
from the east antl theF'.rie Canal from the northwest. Over<br />
100 miles of asphalt streets. 15 parks, one of 442 acres.<br />
Claims to be the cleanest, best-lighted, and healthiest city<br />
in the United States. Water supply obtained from Niagara<br />
River through a tunnel extentling nearly tothe middle of the<br />
river. Gas and electric lighting ; natural gas for fuel.<br />
Electric street railways. Public buildings include customhouse,<br />
post-office, State arsenal, State armory, city and<br />
county hall and jail, general hospital, insane asylum, four<br />
orphan asylums. Several private hospitals and asylums under<br />
church care. 167 churches; State Normal School; 50 public<br />
schools ; ? medical colleges ; Buffalo Library ; Grosvenor<br />
Library. 7 Pmglish and 3 German dailies, and 20 weekly<br />
newspapers. Board of Trade <strong>org</strong>anized in 1S44 ; incorporated<br />
pers ; opera-house ; 5 hotels ; agricultural society and fair<br />
in 1857. Merchants' F^xchange. Preeminent in the grounds ; water-works. Also on main line of Delaware,<br />
grain trade : 40 elevators, with storage capacity of 20,000,- Lackawanna and Western Railroad.<br />
000 bushels ; transportation facility, 4,000,000 bushels a day. (BLOOD'S, WAYLAND, Steuben Co.; SPRINGWATER,<br />
First elevator built in 1S43 by Joseph Dart. In live-stock WEBSTER, CONESUS, SOUTH LIVONIA, LIVONIA,<br />
trade, second only to Chicago. In steel and iron, ranks next and HAMILTON, Livingston Co. Stations for thrifty<br />
to Pittsburg, having nearly 2,000 manufactories. Annual villages in a garden spot of Western New York.)<br />
lumber trade, 400,000,000 feet. Greatest Eastern railroad AVON, Livingston Co., N. Y. From New York, 367<br />
centre : Flrie and branches, New York Central, Lake Shore miles; Rochester, 18. Population, 1,600. Farming community.<br />
system, Michigan Central, Grand Trunk, West Shore, Delaware,<br />
Lackawanna and Western, Lehigh Valley, Buffalo,<br />
Rochester and Pittsburg, Western New York and Pennsylvania,<br />
and numerous local railroads.<br />
4 churches; 1 high school; 1 parish school; 1<br />
newspaper; 2 banks ; electric lights ; natural gas belt;<br />
superior firedepartment; gravity water system; sewered;<br />
cement sidewalks ; telephone, local and long distance ; village<br />
park; soldiers' monument; opera-house; race-track.<br />
ROCHESTER DIVISION.<br />
Famous health resort. Mineral springs; large hotels and<br />
sanitariums. A place of refinement and culture in the (tonesee<br />
. [From Corning; see Susquehanna Division.)<br />
Valley. Junction of Rochester, Buffalo, and Mount<br />
PAINTED POST, Steuben Co., N. Y. From New York,<br />
293 miles; Dunkirk, 167; Buffalo, 132; Rochester, 93.<br />
Settled, 1786. Incorporated, 1893. Population, 1,000.<br />
Agricultural and manufacturing. On the Chemung tobacco<br />
belt. 3 churches ; 1 school; 1 hotel ; 1 bank. The Seneca<br />
chief, Montour, mortally wounded at the battle of Hogback,<br />
August 29, 1779, died here. A bronze statue of an Indian<br />
is erected in the public square commemorating the event.<br />
Junction of main line of Erie.<br />
(COOPERS, CURTIS, CAMPBELL, and SAVONA,<br />
Steuben Co., N. Y. Thriving agricultural villages.)<br />
BATH, Steuben Co., N. Y. From New York, 311 miles;<br />
Rochester, 74. Settled, 1793 ; incorporated, 1816. Population,<br />
3,000. Agricultural and manufacturing. 6 churches ; 1<br />
(RUSH, SCOTTSVILLE, HENRIETTA, and RED<br />
CREF^R, Monroe Co., N. Y., are bustling stations between<br />
Avon and Rochester. Scottsville has 3 churches, a union<br />
school, and extensive mills a mile and a half west of the<br />
station.)<br />
ROCHES'FER, Monroe Co., N. Y. From New- York,<br />
386 miles. First settler came in 17S8, but firstactual settlement<br />
began in 1810, made by Col. Nathaniel Rochester.<br />
school; 3 newspapers ; 6 hotels; 2 banks. New York Sailors' Incorporated as village of Rochesterville, 1817; as city of<br />
and Soldiers' Home ; Davenport Orphan Asylum. State fish Rochester, 1S34. Population in 1S17, 600 ; in 1834, 11,000;<br />
hatchery near by. Admiral Howell, United States Navy, was 1S98, estimated, 1 75,000. Port of entry. Genesee River flows<br />
born here. Bath was intended by its projectors to be the through centre of city. Unexcelled water-power; river falls<br />
metropolis of the West. It was the headquarters of the Pult-<br />
226 feet within 3 miles ; 3 perpendicular falls, 96, 26, and 84<br />
ney estate, the proprietor of which was Sir William Pultney<br />
of England. His agent, Charles Williamson, founded the<br />
place. There was a theatre, a race-course, and a newspaper<br />
here as early as 1796. Steuben County fair-grounds, property<br />
of one of the oldest agricultural societies in the State, are<br />
here. Also on Delaware, Lackawanna and Western, and Bath<br />
and Hammondsport railroads, the latter one of the first railroads<br />
incorporated in the State of New York, having been<br />
chartered in 1831, under the name of the Bath and Crooked<br />
Lake Railroad. No railroad was built, however, until 1875,<br />
when the present Bath and Hammondsport Railroad was<br />
built as a three-foot gauge. It was made standard gauge in<br />
July, 1S89.<br />
(KANONA, AVOCA, WALLACE'S, Steuben Co., N. Y.<br />
Attractive villages in a picturesque region.)<br />
COHOCTON, Steuben Co., N. Y. From New York,<br />
326 miles; Rochester, 59. Population, 1,200. Formerly<br />
great lumber centre. Agricultural and manufacturing. 6<br />
churches ; union free school; circulating library ; 2 newspa<br />
Morris branches of the Erie. 'Phe sulphur springs here<br />
were known and used by the Indians long before the first<br />
white settlers came in the Genesee Valley. Two hundred<br />
years ago De Nouville, the French explorer, fought a fierce<br />
battle with the Indians on the present site of Avon. General<br />
Sullivan, in 1779, also invaded the valley at this point, antl<br />
drove the Indians from it forever.