Click to download Ethernet Basics manual - Grant Industrial Controls

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Chapter 3 TCP/IP 3.1 Introduction Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) is a collection of industrial standard protocols designed for communication over large networks consisting of different network segments that are linked by routers. TCP/IP is a protocol used on Internet, that is the collection of thousands of networks, spread out worldwide, that connects research centers, universities, libraries, companies, individuals, etc. with each other. Internetworks is however, a very general concept. An internet is not limited in size: there are internets that consist of a couple of networks but also internets that consist of hundreds of networks. Internet with capital letter I relates to the worldwide Internet- also called the public Internet. Figure 3.1: How to communicate over an internet? The question that has to be asked is how two different hosts, connected to a different network, at a great distance, can communicate with each other? The answer to this question is twofold. The first part of the answer is a hardware aspect: an internet consists of different networks that are connected to each other by routers. A router is a structure element with the special task to connect networks. Every router has a processor, a certain amount of memory and a separate interface for each network to which it is connected.
TCP/IP 38 The second part of the answer is a software aspect: a universal communication service has to be active on every host. Although many software protocols are adapted for internet works, only one suite is really considered and that is used most for internet works. This suite is called TCP/IP suite. The TCP/IP suite can be perfectly positioned in the OSI model. A simplified model is mostly used to represent the TCP/IP suite. A four layer model (the DoD (Department of Defence) model), the ARPANET Reference model or mostly just called the TCP/IP model. Figure 3.2: The TCP/IP suite Central in this model is the internet layer and the transport later which is discussed in detail elsewhere in this chapter. The application layer collects and describes all protocols that use the TCP/IP protocol. The HTTP protocol belongs to this, for example. This is the protocol that makes it possible to surf to a certain web application. The TCP/IP protocol will then make a universal communication service possible so that the surf order is possible over the entire Internet. The network layer ensures the communication on the local network between the host and the router or between two routers mutually. 3.2 The Internet Protocol (IP) 3.2.1 Introduction The most important features of the IP protocol are: • Routing of a data packet over the Internet. Every host is identified by a 32-bit IP address. • it is a connectionless protocol. Every packet can follow a different route to the same target host when sending different IP packets. No fixed physical connection is created.
Page 1 and 2: Ethernet Basics Rev. 02
Page 3 and 4: Contents ii 2.8.7 Parallel Redundan
Page 5 and 6: Contents iv 8 VPN 97 8.1 Introducti
Page 7 and 8: Introduction 2 The OSI model consis
Page 9 and 10: Introduction 4 • IEEE802.2 Logica
Page 11 and 12: Ethernet 6 • 1999: IEEE802.3ab; G
Page 13 and 14: Ethernet 8 Figure 2.1: The MAU for
Page 15 and 16: Ethernet 10 • Data transmission a
Page 17 and 18: Ethernet 12 Figure 2.4: Physical im
Page 19 and 20: Ethernet 14 Figure 2.6: The 5GHz ba
Page 21 and 22: Ethernet 16 2.3 The data link layer
Page 23 and 24: Ethernet 18 • TYPE: for the field
Page 25 and 26: Ethernet 20 a complete data frame s
Page 27 and 28: Ethernet 22 glass cabling are alway
Page 29 and 30: Ethernet 24 2.5 IEEE802.1Q tagged f
Page 31 and 32: Ethernet 26 According to the norm,
Page 33 and 34: Ethernet 28 2.7 VLAN A VLAN or Virt
Page 35 and 36: Ethernet 30 2.8 Network redundancy
Page 37 and 38: Ethernet 32 To create a network wit
Page 39 and 40: Ethernet 34 2.9.3 Link Aggregation
Page 41: Ethernet 36 Table 2.5: Environmenta
Page 45 and 46: TCP/IP 40 Figure 3.4: Building of t
Page 47 and 48: TCP/IP 42 Table 3.2: IP addresses f
Page 49 and 50: TCP/IP 44 Table 3.4: Subnetting and
Page 51 and 52: TCP/IP 46 3.2.7 The IP packet The d
Page 53 and 54: TCP/IP 48 3.2.8 IPv6 General The mo
Page 55 and 56: TCP/IP 50 3.3.3 How reliability is
Page 57 and 58: TCP/IP 52 - the FIN bit that is use
Page 59 and 60: TCP/IP 54 Figure 3.14: Real time au
Page 61 and 62: TCP/IP 56 3.6 Communication over TC
Page 63 and 64: TCP/IP 58 number. This combination
Page 65 and 66: TCP/IP 60 3.6.5 Status of a socket
Page 67 and 68: Extension protocols and network app
Page 85 and 86: Chapter 5 The switch 5.1 General Th
Page 87 and 88: The switch 82 • mounted on DIN ra
Page 89 and 90: The switch 84 is indicated in the V
Page 91 and 92: Chapter 6 The router 6.1 Introducti
Page 93 and 94:
The router 88 6.3 Types of routers
Page 95 and 96:
The router 90 Figure 6.4: Adaptatio
Page 97 and 98:
The router 92 Figure 6.6: Port forw
Page 99 and 100:
The router 94 Figure 6.8: Principle
Page 101 and 102:
The firewall 96 Packet filters are
Page 103 and 104:
VPN 98 • Confidentiality: the pro
Page 105 and 106:
VPN 100 Figure 8.4: Host to host ga
Page 107 and 108:
Automation networks & Security 102
Page 109 and 110:
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113 and 114:
Page 115:
show all

Click to download Ethernet Basics manual - Grant Industrial Controls

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?