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10 was found that much information had been lost due to sudden and unplanned interruption of the original research and poor management of data by the non research teams involved in wider installation of the options. It is, therefore, recommended that: Since the same system would not be able to be replicated at sites with different social, cultural and economic conditions, not only adoption and implementation, but also process of adoption should be considered crucial for community based WS projects. All community based WS projects should undertake documentation of adoption processes with detailed information including technological/engineering as well as social, cultural and economic aspects.
List of Tables, Figures, Maps and Photos List of Tables Table 1.1: Water supply and sanitation situations in Dhaka. Table 3.1: Sampling arrangement. Table 4.1: Selected demographic characteristics of the families surveyed. Table 4.2: Selected economic characteristics of the families surveyed. Table 5.1: Physical performance and problems related to the options. Table 5.2: Quality of water at household taps, storage tanks and storage containers. Table 6.1: Summary of selected variables about biogas based sewerage system. Table 6.2 Claimed performance of the sanitation options. Table 6.3: Results of the chemical analysis of the wastewater from each biogas based sewerage system. Table 6.4: Results of the chemical analysis of the raw wastewater from pit latrines that are not connected to biogas based sewerage system. Table 6.5: The quality of human waste in Japan. Table 7.1: Knowledge concerning health impacts. Table 7.2: Hand washing practices. Table A-3.1: Results of the analysis of the wastewater from each biogas based sewerage system. Table A-3.2: Results of the analysis of the raw wastewater from pit latrines that are not connected to biogas based sewerage system. Table A-4.1: Sources of water use for various purposes. Table A-4.2: Installation costs shared by respondents for water options during various periods. Table A-4.3: Sanitation practices in different periods. Table A-4.4: Costs shared by respondents for sanitation options during various periods. List of Figures Figure 1.1: Schematic drawing of the study area. Figure 2.1: Water and sanitation programmes as implemented. Figure 2.2: Drawing of tested single pit latrine. Figure 2.3: Drawing of the twin pit latrine. Figure 2.4: Schematic illustration of a septic tank. Figure 2.5: Schematic drawing of tested biogas facility in Bauniabad. Figure 2.6: Schematic drawing of wastewater treatment in the biogas based sewerage system. Figure 5.1: Change in sources of water for the use of various purposes of the families surveyed inside the blocks; (a) drinking, (b) cooking, (c) bathing, (d) washing utensils, and (e) others. Figure 5.2: Schematic drawing of piped water distribution system and the household water storage facility. Figure 5.3: Installation cost that each surveyed families paid for the available water options in different periods. Figure 6.1: The types of sanitation options during the different periods by families surveyed inside the blocks. Figure 6.2: The types of sanitation options used by the surveyed families in each block and outside the blocks from 1999-Present. Figure 6.3: Installation cost that each of the surveyed families inside the blocks paid for the available sanitation options in different periods. Figure 6.4: Biogas system installation cost shared by the community and the number of the biogas systems installed. Figure 6.5: The wastewater sampling locations of the biogas based sewerage system. Figure 6.6: BOD concentration levels in systems with a soak pit. Figure 6.7: BOD concentration levels in systems without a soak pit. Figure 6.8: CODcr concentration levels in systems with a soak pit. Figure 6.9: CODcr concentration levels in systems without a soak pit. List of Maps Map 1.1: Map of Bangladesh. Map 1.2: Map of Dhaka city 11
Page 2 and 3: Authors Dr. Bilqis Amin Hoque, Envi
Page 5 and 6: Contents Foreword 5 Executive Summa
Page 7 and 8: Foreword Water and sanitation (WS)
Page 9 and 10: drinking water. All the various sam
Page 11: Lessons Learned and Recommendations
Page 15: List of Abbreviations and Acronyms
Page 18 and 19: Photo 1.1 : A Street in Bauniabad P
Page 20 and 21: Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Backgrou
Page 22 and 23: Bauniabad was established as a spec
Page 24 and 25: 2.2 Water and Sanitation Educationa
Page 26 and 27: system in Bauniabad. For the trial
Page 28 and 29: scopes (financial resources) to obs
Page 30 and 31: Chapter 3 Methodology The cross-sec
Page 32 and 33: Chapter 4 Social Variables The soci
Page 34 and 35: when the people found the biogas ba
Page 36 and 37: Table 5.1: Physical performance and
Page 38 and 39: As the supply was not continuous, t
Page 40 and 41: It was observed that initially thos
Page 42 and 43: Chapter 6 Sanitation Sanitation pro
Page 44 and 45: 6.3 Costs and Financial Aspects The
Page 46 and 47: and E in different years (1996-2002
Page 48 and 49: The effluents from the systems of B
Page 50 and 51: 48 • There should be research and
Page 52 and 53: 7.4 Observations of Water Use Pract
Page 54 and 55: Chapter 8 Lessons Learned and Recom
Page 56 and 57: the people had access to safe hygie
Page 58 and 59: Appendix 1 Summary Report of the Fi
Page 60 and 61: 14:00-15:30 Technical Session II co
Page 62 and 63:
Appendix 2 Base Line Survey Form St
Page 64 and 65:
SANITATION S-1: Use of Latrine:
Page 66 and 67:
Table A-3.1: Results of the analysi
Page 68 and 69:
66 Table A-4.1: Sources of water us
Page 70 and 71:
Table A-4.3: Sanitation practices i
Page 72:
70
Page 75 and 76:
human poverty. UNDP, New York. UNIC
Page 77:
Edited by L.S. Clesceri, A.E. Green
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