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6.3 Costs and Financial Aspects The details in relation to the costs shared by the people surveyed inside the blocks for the various sanitation options are included in Table A-4.4 in Appendix 4. Figure 6.3 summarizes the costs during different periods. It may be recalled that during the presentation of the survey results in relation to willingness to pay, it was found that almost nobody was willing to share costs for sanitation, and accordingly Figure 6.3 indicates that before the biogas option, most of the people did not want to share costs or invest money into sanitation. However, during the 1996-1999 period, when the biogas option was first introduced, it may be noted that though there was more of a willingness to pay for sanitation among the people, the invested amount for the biogas option was still quite low as most of the people did not have access to it. During the 1999-Present period, there was an increase in the amount people invested into sanitation due to the accessibility of the biogas facilities. During the first testing of the option no cost was requested, but subsequently, the community was asked to share the costs. The costs were shared by the relevant users of a biogas bases sewerage system, and the amount paid by plot owners were not the same; it varied according to how much each plot owner could afford. The cost sharing for the biogas system increased significantly over time. Figure 6.4 shows the trend in relation to the sharing of the biogas system installation costs (it may be noted here that the installation cost shared among the people during 1999 varied between either 20 or 30%). The people were reportedly satisfied with the performance of the biogas option as most of them claimed that it was acceptable in the 1999-Present period (Table 6.2). Before the year 1999, almost all expressed dissatisfaction with the then available option, which were pit latrines. Table 6.2: Claimed performance of the sanitation options*. 42
The human excreta and domestic wastewater from the living areas has been routed towards water bodies outside the living area, and thus the basic aspect of sanitation in providing hygienic living standards to the poor in Bauniabad has almost been achieved. However, proper treatment of wastewater is an increasing challenge for sustainable environmental development. 6.4 Wastewater Analysis The wastewater samples from the biogas based sewerage systems were collected by a team consisting of the project research officer, laboratory research officer and a laboratory technician from EPRC during 1st-4th December 2003. Additional assistance was also provided by Mr. Joinal, local labors and people of the settlement during the collection of the samples. Four different biogas based sewerage systems installed in Blocks B, C, D 43
Page 2 and 3: Authors Dr. Bilqis Amin Hoque, Envi
Page 5 and 6: Contents Foreword 5 Executive Summa
Page 7 and 8: Foreword Water and sanitation (WS)
Page 9 and 10: drinking water. All the various sam
Page 11 and 12: Lessons Learned and Recommendations
Page 13 and 14: List of Tables, Figures, Maps and P
Page 15: List of Abbreviations and Acronyms
Page 18 and 19: Photo 1.1 : A Street in Bauniabad P
Page 20 and 21: Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Backgrou
Page 22 and 23: Bauniabad was established as a spec
Page 24 and 25: 2.2 Water and Sanitation Educationa
Page 26 and 27: system in Bauniabad. For the trial
Page 28 and 29: scopes (financial resources) to obs
Page 30 and 31: Chapter 3 Methodology The cross-sec
Page 32 and 33: Chapter 4 Social Variables The soci
Page 34 and 35: when the people found the biogas ba
Page 36 and 37: Table 5.1: Physical performance and
Page 38 and 39: As the supply was not continuous, t
Page 40 and 41: It was observed that initially thos
Page 42 and 43: Chapter 6 Sanitation Sanitation pro
Page 46 and 47: and E in different years (1996-2002
Page 48 and 49: The effluents from the systems of B
Page 50 and 51: 48 • There should be research and
Page 52 and 53: 7.4 Observations of Water Use Pract
Page 54 and 55: Chapter 8 Lessons Learned and Recom
Page 56 and 57: the people had access to safe hygie
Page 58 and 59: Appendix 1 Summary Report of the Fi
Page 60 and 61: 14:00-15:30 Technical Session II co
Page 62 and 63: Appendix 2 Base Line Survey Form St
Page 64 and 65: SANITATION S-1: Use of Latrine:
Page 66 and 67: Table A-3.1: Results of the analysi
Page 68 and 69: 66 Table A-4.1: Sources of water us
Page 70 and 71: Table A-4.3: Sanitation practices i
Page 72: 70
Page 75 and 76: human poverty. UNDP, New York. UNIC
Page 77: Edited by L.S. Clesceri, A.E. Green

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