Cyanoguanidine CAS N°: 461-58-5

OECD SIDS
CYANOGUANIDINE
5. TOXICITY ID: 461-58-5
DATE: 25.02.2004
Reliability : (2) valid with restrictions
Flag : Critical study for SIDS endpoint
26.11.2003 (1)
Memo : Occupational dermatitis: Surveillance (sensitisation)
Result : An outbreak of dermatitis at one of the largest construction site in the
United States was evaluated. The Evaluation started as a result of a
request from one of the workers at the site a Health Hazard Evaluation to
be conducted by NIOSH in August 1986. Two nuclear power facilities were
under construction at the site, employing more than 5000 workers. The
wood that was used for scaffolding and other temporary structures was
treated with fire retardant made by mixing dicyandiamide, phosphorus-acid,
and formaldehyde in water and applying it to the wood by a vacuum
pressure process. Pruritic, maculopapular lesions were noted on the
shoulders and flank. Workers reported the rashes began at work and
lasted from days to weeks. Between February 2 and October 19, 1986
there was a total of 445 visits from 407 workers to the medical facility for
skin related problem. Only 122 visit were made during the same time
period the year before. Carpenters had the highest rate of skin related
visits to the medical facility, following by laborers and then iron workers. Of
all the carpenters who completed a questionnaires (92% of those eligible),
54% reported skin conditions, and 29% met the case definition of possible
contact dermatitis. Total phosphate concentrations for the extracts of the
fire retardant treated lumber ranged from 4.7 to 7.1 milligrams/gram of
wood. Results indicated that no specific agent could be identified, nor was
it conclusive that a causal role for the fire retardant lumber existed. The
large number of workers afflicted suggested that the causative agent was
more likely to have been an irritant than an allergen. The authors state that
phosphates can leach from treated lumber by both water and sweat. The
increased temperature during the summer season suggests this possible
course of events. Construction workers have been advised to handle this
lumber with caution, particularly in high temperature and humidity
conditions.
Reliability : (2) valid with restrictions
Flag : Critical study for SIDS endpoint
26.11.2003 (51)
Memo : Probable Routes of Human Exposure
Result : NIOSH (NOES Survey 1982-1983) has statistically estimated that 28806
workers (25810 of these are female) are potentially exposed to
cyanoguanidine in the United States. Occupational exposure may be
through inhalation and dermal contact with this substance at workspace
where cyanoguanidine is produced or used. The general population may
be exposed to cyanoguanidine via dermal contact with products containing
cyanoguanidine.
Reliability : (2) valid with restrictions
Flag : Critical study for SIDS endpoint
15.07.2003 (42)
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