Protector or predator? - Institute for Security Studies

Gareth Newham and Andrew Faull
8 S Alcock, Crime stats scam exposed, Mail & Guardian Online, 5 July 2009, http://www.mg.co.za/
article/2009-07-05-crime-stats-scam-exposed (accessed 8 June 2010).
9 The Prevention and Combating of Corrupt Activities Act No. 12 of 2004 defines corruption as
follows: ‘Any person who directly or indirectly accepts or agrees or offers to accept any gratification
from any other person. Whether for the benefit of himself or herself or for the benefit
of another person: or gives or agrees or offers to give to any other person any gratification for
the benefit of that other person or for the benefit of another person in order to act personally
or by influencing another person so to act in a way that amounts to the illegal, dishonest, unauthorised.
incomplete or biased or misuse or selling of information or material acquired in
the course or exercise, carrying out or performance of any powers, duties or functions arising
out of a constitutional, statute or contractual or other legal obligation that amounts to the
abuse of a position of authority, a breach of trust, or the violation of a legal duty or a set of
rules designed to achieve an unjustified result, or that amounts to any other unauthorised or
improper inducement to do or not to do anything is guilty of the offence of corruption.’
10 Newburn, Understanding and preventing police corruption, 4.
11 M Mollen, The City of New York, Report of the Commission to Investigate Allegations of
Police Corruption and the Anti-Corruption Procedures of the Police Department (Mollen
Commission), 1994, http://www.parc.info/client_files/special reports/4 Mollen Commission –
NYPD.pdf (accessed 10 March 2011).
12 Ibid.
13 W Knapp, Report of the Commission to Investigate Alleged Police Corruption (Knapp
Commission), New York: George Braziller, 1972.
14 M Marks, Crash and burn: LAPD and the Rampart Scandal, Crime and Conflict 20 (2000).
15 M Punch, Editorial, Policing 4(4) (2010), 315-321, in which he reflects on discussions of his 2009
book Police corruption, deviance, accountability and reform in policing
16 R Klitgaardt, Controlling corruption, Berkeley, California: University of California Press, 1988.
17 M Punch, Police corruption, deviance, accountability and reform in policing (ibid).
18 Punch, Police corruption, deviance, accountability and reform in policing (ibid).
19 L Kohlberg, State and sequence: the cognitive-development approach to socialization, in D
Goslin (ed), Handbook of socialization theory and research, Chicago: Rand-McNally, 1969, quoted
in K Lasthuizen, Leading to integrity: empirical research into the effects of leadership on ethics and
integrity, Amsterdam: VU Amsterdam, 2008.
20 Ibid.
21 See for example B C Parks, Los Angeles Police Department Board of Inquiry into the Rampant Area
Corruption Incident, Executive Summary, 1 March 2000, p 4, www.lapdonline.org (accessed 12
August 2011)
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