Protector or predator? - Institute for Security Studies

Protector or predator?
82 G Newham, The SAPS Johannesburg Area Police Transformation Survey results, Johannesburg: Centre
for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation, 2005, http://www.csvr.org.za/docs/policing/sapsjoburg.pdf
(accessed 21 July 2011).
83 S K Ivcovik and A Sauerman, Measuring the Code of Silence amongst South African Police:
Findings from a SAPS Supervisor Study, in C Gould (ed) National and International Perspectives on
Crime and Policing. International Conference: Towards a coherent strategy for crime reduction in South
Africa beyond 2010. Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies, 1 & 2 December 2010
84 This statement is based on research conducted by Andrew Faull at three stations in 2009.
Findings related to only one station have been published in Faull, Need or greed.
85 South African Police Service, Policy Advisory Council, unpublished report, 2006–07.
86 A Faull, Private communication with a provincial organised crime and DPCI commander
who stated that every organised crime investigation conducted by his units uncovered the
involvement of police officials with criminal syndicates.
87 Mckeed Kotlolo, Hawks commander in court for theft, Times Live, 21 June 2011, http://www.timeslive.co.za/thetimes/2011/06/21/hawks-commander-in-court-for-theft
(accessed 18 July 2011).
88 M wa Afrika and S Hofstatter, Bheki Cele’s R500m police rental deal, Times Live, 1 August
2010, http://www.timeslive.co.za/sundaytimes/article579403.ece/Bheki-Celes-R500m-policerental-deal
(accessed 6 March 2011).
89 Public Protector of South Africa, Against the rules, Report 33 of 2010/11, 22 February 2011, http://
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90 Janine Rauch, Police Reform and South Africa’s Transition, a paper presented at the South
African Institute for International Affairs conference, 2000, http://www.csvr.org.za/wits/papers/
papsaiia.htm (accessed 16 August 2011).
91 Hornberger, Policing and human rights.
92 Translated as ‘instant constables’, these members were brought into the SAP as a force multiplier
in the late ‘eighties. They were not subjected to the same recruitment criteria or training
as full time members, and were given menial tasks. Later they were absorbed into the SAP
and became indistinguishable from other permanent members.
93 J Rauch, Police reform and South Africa’s transition, Paper delivered at conference on Crime
and Policing in Transitional Societies, Jan Smuts House, University of the Witwatersrand,
Johannesburg, 30 August – 1 September 2000, http://www.kas.de/db_files/dokumente/7_dokument_dok_pdf_4865_2.pdf#page=104
(accessed 21 July 2011).
94 Lodge, Political corruption in South Africa, 10–11.
95 E. Mabuza, Business Day, 27 August 2001.
96 S Masuku, Policing the police: SAPS members charged and convicted of crime, Nedbank ISS Crime
Index 5(2) (2001), http://www.iss.co.za/pubs/CRIMEINDEX/01VOL5NO2/policing.html (accessed
21 July 2011).
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