year-2-study-guide-2.. - School of Medicine - Trinity College Dublin
year-2-study-guide-2.. - School of Medicine - Trinity College Dublin
year-2-study-guide-2.. - School of Medicine - Trinity College Dublin
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(Physiology) Motor control by the brain 2<br />
Motor control by the brain continued.<br />
(Pharmacology) Neuroleptics<br />
Neurolepsis and antipsychotic effects. Types, actions (dopaminergic pathways and receptor<br />
subtypes, 5-HT) and effects. Neuroleptanalgesia. Motor and endocrine side effects. Atypical<br />
agents. Chlorpromazine, haloperidol, sulpiride, thioridazine, rispiridone, clozapine)<br />
(Anatomy) Hearing and balance<br />
Brief review <strong>of</strong> cochlea and vestibular apparatus. Central Auditory Pathway: Cochlear neural<br />
connections; Cochlear nuclei; Trapezoid body; Superior olivary nucleus [SON]; Lateral<br />
lemniscus; Inferior colliculus; Inferior brachium; Medial geniculate nucleus; Primary auditory<br />
cortex; Acoustic reflexes; Descending auditory pathways; Deafness. Vestibular nuclear<br />
connections; Vestibular nuclei; Lateral and medial vestibulospinal tracts; Medial longitudinal<br />
fasciculus; Vestibulospinal and vestibulo-ocular reflexes; Vestibulocortical pathway;<br />
Vestibulocerebellar connections; Nystagmus; Unilateral and bilateral vestibular disease;<br />
Meniéres disease.<br />
(Physiology) Motor control by the brain 3<br />
Motor control by the brain continued.<br />
(Psychiatry) Normal ageing and neurodegeneration. Normal brain ageing. The main<br />
neurodegenerative disorders including the dementias.<br />
(Psychiatry) Neuroimmunology. A clinical perspective on neuroimmunological disorders<br />
including multiple sclerosis.<br />
(Pharmacology) Anticonvulsants<br />
Classification <strong>of</strong> seizures according to drug sensitivity.<br />
Convulsant drugs and animal models.<br />
Anticonvulsant drugs and classification. Mechanisms <strong>of</strong> action.<br />
Sodium channel block. Phenytoin, carbamazepine.<br />
Calcium channel block. Ethosuxamide, trimethadione.<br />
GABA-ergic agents. Gabapentin,vigabatrin, tiagabine, phenobarbitone, clonazepam.<br />
Miscellaneous agents. Valproate, acetazolamide. Side Effects.<br />
(Anatomy) Language centres; aphasias<br />
History <strong>of</strong> the development <strong>of</strong> our current ideas about language; Brief review <strong>of</strong> the auditory<br />
and visual pathways to the primary sensory cortex; Wernicke's area; Supramarginal gyrus<br />
and arcuate fasciculus; Broca's area and its projections to the primary motor cortex; Cortical<br />
connections to Wernicke's and Broca's areas; Visual association cortex and the angular<br />
gyrus; pathways involved in reading aloud; Wernicke's aphasia; Broca's aphasia; Global<br />
aphasia; Transcortical aphasias; Anomia; Alexia with and without agraphia ; Dyslexia; Kana<br />
and Kanji; Aprosodia.<br />
(Physiology) Monitoring brain activation, sleep and memory 1<br />
-techniques and uses <strong>of</strong> monitoring and stimulating population brain activation, including<br />
fMRI, real time fMRI, Squid, optical imaging, electroencephalogram, sensory evoked scalp<br />
potentials<br />
-sleep, including changes in EEG, role <strong>of</strong> transmitters, sleep disorders<br />
-mechanisms <strong>of</strong> short-term working memory and long-term memory<br />
-memory deficits<br />
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