Qhafor Ameen Hamasur

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Fig (2-6) River terrace deposit of Tainal stream……………………………………..17 Fig (2-7) Micritic limestone of Sinjar Formation……………………………………...18 Fig (2-8) Biomicritic limestone of Sinjar Formation……………………………….....18 Fig (2-9) Intramicritic limestone of Sinjar Formation……………………………..….19 Fig (2-10) Intrabiomicritic limestone of Sinjar Formation……………………….…..19 Fig (2-11) Intrapelbiosparitic limestone represents the unconformity between Sinjar and Kolosh Formations……….………………………………..…..19 Fig (2-12) Sandstone of Kolosh Formation………………………………….………..20 Fig ((2-13) Pebbly Sandstone of Kolosh Formation………….…………………..….20 Fig (2-14) Siltstone of Kolosh Formation…………………………………………...…20 Fig (2-15) Shale of Kolosh Formation……………………………………….………...21 Fig (2-16) Silty Shale of Kolosh Formation……………………………………….…..21 Fig (2-17) Intrabiomicritic limestone of carbonate unit of Kolosh Formation….….21 Fig (2-18) Biomicritic limestone of carbonate unit of Kolosh Formation……..........22 Fig (2-19) Reverse fault, cutting the limestone beds of Sinjar Formation at the right side of the proposed dam site………………........23 Fig (2-20) Reverse fault, cutting the limestone beds of Pila Spi Formation,near the right side of the proposed dam site……………......24 Fig (2-21) Synclinal ridge in the limestone of Pila Spi Formation…………….........25 Fig (2-22) Cuesta in the limestone of Sinjar Formation…………………………......26 Fig (2-23) Hog back in the limestone of Fatha Formation……………………….….26 Fig (2-24) Stone lattice (Elephant skin) in the limestone of Fatha Formation….…27 Fig (2-25) Stratification ribbons in the limestone of Pila Spi Formation……….…..27 Fig (2-26) Annual average rainfall in Sulaimani station for the years 1980-2006…………………………………………………………….……...29 Fig (2-27) Basara catchment's area……………………………………………..…....32 Fig (2-28) Reservoir area curve………………………………………………………..33 Fig (2-29) Reservoir volume curve……………………………………………............33 Fig (3-1) Failure of the core specimen in the unconfined testing machine……......37 Fig (3-2) Shape correction curve for unconfined compressive strength………......37 Fig (3-3) Failure of the specimen in the point load tester…………………..……….40 Fig (3-4) Specimen shape requirements for different test types………………..….40 Fig (4-1) Variation of rating for the unconfined compressive strength…………..…47 Fig (4-2) Variation for the RQD rating…………………………………………….…...47 Fig (4-3) Procedure for measurement and calculation of RQD………………….....49 Fig (4-4) The intersection between joints and a drill core hole (Left) and a surface (right)…………………………………………………...51 Fig (4-5) Example of jointing along part of a borehole…………………….………...52 Fig (4-6) Correlation between the in situ modulus of deformation and the RMR system……………………………………………………........55 Fig (4-7) Rock mass conditions under which the Hoek - Brown failure criterion can be applied……………………………………………....80 Fig (5-1) Location map of the proposed Basara dam site, shows surface sections, boreholes and cross profiles……………………….……83 Fig (5-2) Vertical section at borehole no.1………………………………………........85 Fig (5-3) Vertical section at borehole no.2………………………………………… ....87 Fig (5-4) Vertical section at borehole no.3……………………………………….…....89 V
Fig (5-5) Stereographic projection shows the great circle (S o ) for average attitude (043/22) of bedding plane at surface section no.1…………….95 Fig (5-6) Stereographic projection shows the great circle (S o ) for average attitude (019/14) of bedding plane at surface section no.2…………….96 Fig (5-7) Stereographic projection shows the great circle (S o ) for average attitude (041/16) of bedding plane at surface section no.3…………….96 Fig (5-8) Correlation between the GSI values of Hoek-this study (red cross) and also between Hoek-Sonmez & Ulusay (blue circle)………………113 Fig (5-9) Analysis of rock strength for surface section no.1 –unit no.1 (Gercus Formation), using RocLab programme……………. …………118 Fig (5-10) Analysis of rock strength for surface section no.1-unit no.2 (Sinjar Formation), using RocLab programme….……………………… 119 Fig (5-11) Rock mass- valley section model shows the rock mass units along a-b topographic profile at the proposed Basara dam site….…...128 Fig (5-12) Rock mass- valley section model shows the rock mass units along c-d topographic profile at the proposed Basara dam site….…...129 Fig (5-13) Rock mass-valley section model shows the rock mass units along e-f topographic profile at the proposed Basara dam site….…..129 List of Tables Table No. Title Page Table (1-1) Previous studies (except dam investigation) about or near the study area……………………………………………………………….. .4 Table (2-1) Microscopic study of rock type for Sinjar and Kolosh Formations at the proposed Basara dam site…………………………………….. 18 Table (2-2) Maximum, minimum and average monthly temperature (C°) in Sulaimani meteorological station for the years1980-2006……………28 Table (2-3) Maximum, minimum and average monthly rainfall (mm) in Sulaimani station for the years1980-2006……………………………29 Table (2-4) Maximum, minimum and average monthly evaporation from class – A pan in Sulaimani station for the years 1980-2006………...30 Table (2-5) Monthly discharge of Basara stream in the year 2002……………….32 Table (3-1) Results of unconfined compression test for surface sections core specimens of 54mm diameter……………………………………..38 Table (3-2) Results of unconfined compression test for boreholes core specimens of 90mm diameter…………………………………….39 Table (3-3) Results of the point load test for surface sections core specimens…41 Table (3-4) ) Results of the point load test for boreholes core specimens……….41 Table (3-5) Field estimates of uniaxial compressive strength of intact rock…......42 Table (3-6) The unconfined compressive strength for low strength rocks from field estimation………………………………………………42 Table (4-1) Evolution of RMR Ratings……………………………………………….44 Table (4-2) Rock Mass Rating (RMR) system (Bieniawski, 1989)………………..46 VI
Page 1 and 2: ROCK MASS ENGINEERING OF THE PROPOS
Page 6 and 7: Dedicated to : *The memory of my fa
Page 8 and 9: Abstract A rock mass engineering of
Page 10 and 11: List of Contents Subject Page Chapt
Page 14 and 15: Table (4-3) Guidelines for excavati
Page 16 and 17: Table (5-29) Analysis of rock stren
Page 18 and 19: Chapter One Introduction equal to 5
Page 20 and 21: Chapter One Introduction Table (1-1
Page 22 and 23: Chapter One Introduction as changes
Page 24 and 25: Chapter One Introduction parameters
Page 26 and 27: Chapter Two Chapter Two Geology of
Page 28 and 29: Chapter Two Geology of the study ar
Page 50 and 51: Chapter Three Chapter Three Laborat
Page 52 and 53: Chapter Three Laboratory tests load
Page 54 and 55: Chapter Three Laboratory Tests Geol
Page 56 and 57: Chapter Three Laboratory Tests Fig
Page 58 and 59: Chapter Three Laboratory Tests Tabl
Page 60 and 61: Chapter Four Theoretical background
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Chapter Four Theoretical background
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Chapter Five Rock mass evaluation T
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Chapter Five Rock mass evaluation 8
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Chapter Five Rock mass evaluation G
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Chapter Five Rock mass evaluation c
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Chapter Five Rock mass evaluation G
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Chapter Five Rock mass evaluation c
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Chapter Six Conclusions and Recomme
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References Bieniawski, Z.T.,1974. G
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References Hoek, E. and Brown, E. T
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References Marinos, P. and Hoek, E.
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References Division of rock mechani
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Appendix - A: Volumetric joint coun
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Table (A - 4) Volumetric joint coun
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Table (A - 8) Volumetric joint coun
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Table (A - 12) Volumetric joint cou
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المستخلص تم إجراء ھ
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ھندسة الكتل الصخري
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Qhafor Ameen Hamasur

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