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Effects of integral stimulation therapy on speech - Portland State ...

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Table 3. Summary <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> CP’s c<strong>on</strong>s<strong>on</strong>ant <strong>speech</strong> sound errors by manner & word positi<strong>on</strong><br />

Stop<br />

Errors<br />

Target Initial Medial Final<br />

/p/ [b] * * *<br />

/b/ * [d] *<br />

/t/ * * *<br />

/d/ * * *<br />

/k/ [n]* * *<br />

/g/ [d]* * [t] *<br />

Fricative<br />

Errors<br />

Target Initial Medial Final<br />

/f/ [ɸ, s] [ɸ] [ɸ ]<br />

/v/ [β] [β] [β ,b]<br />

/s/ [z] * * *<br />

/z/ [d] * *<br />

/ʃ/ [s,ɸ,β] * [s]<br />

/ʒ / [s, z] * /A<br />

/h / * /A<br />

/θ / [ɸ,b,d] * [ɸ]<br />

/ð/ [β, b,d] * /A<br />

Note: the symbol * indicates omissi<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> ph<strong>on</strong>eme<br />

32

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