Effects of integral stimulation therapy on speech - Portland State ...

Results
This study examined the effectiveness <strong>of</strong> the <strong>integral</strong> <strong>stimulation</strong> articulation
treatment on a child with childhood apraxia <strong>of</strong> speech. It was hypothesized that the
participant’s (CP) percentage <strong>of</strong> correctly produced target phonemes would increase over
the course <strong>of</strong> <strong>integral</strong> <strong>stimulation</strong> treatment and be retained after a 2-week treatment
withdrawal period. Speech probes with phrases containing target sounds were
administered before each session, throughout baseline, treatment, and post-treatment
phases <strong>of</strong> this study. Data from the speech probes were charted over the course <strong>of</strong> this
study to monitor treatment effectiveness. Baseline results tracked the generalization <strong>of</strong>
skills to non-trained single-syllable words in phrases containing target speech sounds.
Baseline measures were conducted over four sessions to determine stability <strong>of</strong>
performance for CP’s initial target phoneme set /sm, sn, sp, st, sw/.
Baseline data for proceeding target sounds were tracked over longer periods <strong>of</strong> time as
phoneme sets were introduced one at a time. Treatment sessions following the initial
baseline sessions included short games that familiarized child with sound-to-letter
associations, naming mouth parts, and practicing turn-taking skills, but direct instruction
<strong>of</strong> target speech sounds using <strong>integral</strong> <strong>stimulation</strong> <strong>therapy</strong> was not used. The treatment
periods for each phoneme set varied as only one phoneme set was introduced at a time.
Once treatments began, the treatment continued in each set throughout the duration <strong>of</strong>
this study’s treatment phase.
Integral <strong>stimulation</strong> <strong>therapy</strong> included 33 treatment sessions. Post treatment data
were collected 16 days after the subject’s last <strong>integral</strong> <strong>stimulation</strong> treatment session. In
order to avoid interruptions in treatment sessions, treatment and baseline data were
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