Islam Its Belief and Practices - Radical Truth

2 ISLAM ITS BELIEFS AND PRACTICES FOUNDATIONS OF FAITH 3
2. The Practical part: It consists of precepts and
commandments to be obeyed, rules and
customs to be observed and duties to be
fulfilled. It is generally called Fiqh or
'Ilmu'Z-Fiqh, Science of Jurisprudence.
I. The Theoretical Part.
This part treats of all the articles of faith which every
true Muslim must believe. The forms of the confession
of faith are as follows:-
I. KaZima Oit. a word, formula), is of two kinds.
i. Kalima-i-tayyibah, sacred formula: There
is no god but Allah and Mul,1ammad is
His apostle.
ii. Kalima-i-shaluidat, the kaZima of witness, or
Tashahhud, witnessing: "I bear witness
that there is no god but Allah and I bear
witness that Mul,1ammad is His apostle."
Because of its twofold witness it is also
called Shahiidatayn, two testimonies.•
None of these Kalimas occurs in the
Qur'an in its complete forms. The
first part of the first Kalima is in 47:21,
and the second part is in the 48:29.
The first part of the first sentence of
the Kalima-i-Tayyibah is called Nafi,
negation, "There is no god." The
second part of it is called Ithbiit,
affirmation, "but Allah." Its recital
admits an infidel (KQ,f>r) to the Muslim
community. When a man repeats this
formula he accepts the will of God as
revealed through H,s apostles from the
beginning of the world and the last of
II.
these prophets is Mul,1ammad in whom
all former revelations'are summed up.
I man. faith, is an extended form of confession of
faith and is divided as follows:-
i.- Iman-i·MujmaZ, the Brief Confession of
Faith, "I believe in God, His Names and
Attributes and I accept all His commandments,"
ii. Iman-i-MufaHaZ, the Detailed Confession of
Faith, "I believe in God, His angels, His
books, His apostles, the last day and the
day of resurrection and the predestination
of good and evil."
The Articles of Faith.
The articles of Muslim faith, which are six in number,
are derived from Iman-i-MufaHal, the Detailed Confession
of Faith. They are known as the Attributes of Faith
($ifatu'Z-lman) or the Pillars of Faith (Arkanu'l-lman).
They are: Belief in (1) Allah, (2) Angels, (3) Books,
(4) Prophets, (5) the Last day and the resurrection of the
dead and (6) Predestination of good and evil.
(1) God: Belief in God comprises the following points:
(a) The teaching concerning the Names of God.
i. The name of His essence (Ismu'dh-W!at)
is Allah. It is derived from iliih, a deity
or god, with the addition of the definite
article aZ it is formed Allah, the God.
Ii, The Exalted Name of God (lsmu'Z-A';am) ,
which is generally believed to be known
only to the prophets and saints. It is
very probable that it refers to the great
name of Jehovah, the superstitious reverence
for which on the part of the Jews