Download - Shipandoffshore.net

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Cimac Congress | Shanghai 2013 control room and alarm system, all engine data is now visible on graphical on engine displays. The engine provides an output power of 900 kW/cyl at a BMEP of 21.3 bar in diesel as well as in gas operation. To reach the high efficiency targets while maintaining sufficient safety margins at varying gas qualities, it was decided to equip this engine with cylinder pressure sensors in each cylinder and to integrate these informations into the engine control strategy. While other known cylinder pressure based control strategies focus on Pmax only, the new M46 DF engine uses further combustion characteristics like start-, centre- and duration-of-combustion for monitoring, balancing and NOx control. Time to market was and still is a critical factor for the success of this new project, so it was decided to build up a partnership with an experienced supplier in the technical field of cylinder pressure sensing and processing technology. The company Avat from Teubingen, Germany, has been selected to design and develop the Caterpillar in-cylinder-pressure-module (ICPM). Even more important than achieving maximum control performance was to design a system with highest engine availability. The new system architecture was developed in order to minimise the system’s complexity. Therefore the ICPM was designed as a smart sensing device leading to a clear separation of responsibilities: sensor power supply, sensor signal processing and monitoring as well as online calculation of combustion characteristics and knock levels are encapsulated in the ICPM, whereas mixture control, knock control interaction and balancing strategies are realised completely in the ECM. Consequently, error handling and alarm processing are also located here, giving Caterpillar the maximum flexibility in designing the engine behaviour. The key combustion parameters were defined by the Caterpillar control and performance team. The engine control system receives these values from a high-speed digital bus interface using SAE J1939 CAN protocol. Appropriate extensions to the J1939 standard have been designed and submitted to the SAE committee. This clear interface provides good flexibility of all units and a clear hierarchy of the distributed system enabling Caterpillar to use the ICPM on different engine platforms. During common system FMEA sessions between Caterpillar and AVAT safety critical functions and performance optimisation could be clearly separated, which, in turn, facilitates the marine classification process. The paper ends with a presentation of test bed results showing the benefits of the new control strategy. Development of a dual-fuel technology for slowspeed engines Ingemar Nylund, Wärtsilä Finland Oy, Finland Marcel Ott, Wärtsilä Switzerland Ltd, Switzerland Driven by emission regulations and recent fuel price developments, the interest in gas as fuel for shipping is increasing. For medium-speed four-stroke applications, Wärtsilä has developed a range of gas and dual-fuel engines that have pe<strong>net</strong>rated the market and in some applications, like the LNG carrier segment, taken considerable market share. Now Wärtsilä has initiated the development of a dual-fuel technology for two-stroke engines. The technology is based on the premixed lean burn combustion principle previously developed for the four-stroke engines. The main merits of this technology are that low-pressure gas can be utilised, and that no additional NOx reduction technologies are needed to fulfil the IMO Tier III requirements, which will keep both the initial investment cost, as well as operating costs, on a low level. With dual-fuel capability the engine can be operated both on gas and on HFO. This paper describes the initial design, development, and test results of the technology, including selected engine performance characteristics. GE’s all new J920 gas engine – a smart accretion of two-stage turbocharging, ultra-lean combustion concept and intelligent controls Christian Trapp, GE Gas Engines, Austria Andreas Birgel, GE Gas Engines, Austria Nikolaus Spyra, GE Gas Engines, Austria Herbert Kopecek, GE Gas Engines, Austria Dieter Chvatal, GE Gas Engines, Austria For years gas engines have been gaining importance within the global energy mix. One reason for that is the comparatively good, long-term availability of natural gas, combined with highest efficiency potentials, while meeting the most stringent worldwide emission standards. This makes large gas engines a clean technology for supplying electricity and heat around the globe as part of a decentralised energy concept. GE’s all new 10 MW range J920 Jenbacher gas engine is top of its class for electrical efficiency and designed for durability, simple installation, and maintainability. The engine consists of three modules, including a generator, engine, and turbocharger auxiliary module, that provide a highquality, pre-fabricated, standardised generator set module. Each module is factory-tested, then shipped separately and assembled on site, offering reduced installation time. In addition, the modules have highly standardised interfaces that work well with the balance of plant (BoP) systems, and ultimately simplify BoP installations and total plant erection time. Based on the extensive experience of GE’s type-6 gas engine combustion system, the J920 Jenbacher unit is equipped with an advanced pre-chamber combustion system with spark ignition and optimal conditions for longer part life. In addition, the individual gas mixing achieved by port injection in combination with cylinder-specific sensors allows each cylinder to be controlled to operate at optimal performance. The J920 mechanical structure is designed to allow high-peak firing pressure well above 200 bar. In combination with the latest early valve closing technology and the Jenbacher two-stage turbocharging, the J920 Jenbacher gas engine achieves an electrical efficiency of up to 48.7%. GE’s two-stage turbocharging concept for gas engines enables optimised Miller technology high-power density and a large potential for high-mixture temperatures allowing higher cooling water temperatures and with that making it an ideal fit for independent power production projects in hot ambient conditions. Combined heat and power (CHP) applications benefit from the use of mixture cooling heat at high temperatures to gain up to 90% of overall efficiency. The J920 is equipped with the next generation of GE’s well-proven comprehensive Jenbacher gas engine management system with cutting edge cylinder individual balancing and optimisation, adaptive condition-based controls, smart protection of core components and an intelligent limp home mode. This paper highlights the technology concept of the J 920 with special focus on combustion concepts and controls as well as the development strategy and validation result. Tuesday May 14th / 08:30 – 10:00 Room C Environment, Fuel and Combustion Diesel Engines – Optical Measurement – 2 and 3D simulation Advanced optical development tools for two-stroke marine diesel engines Stefan Mayer, MAN Diesel & Turbo SE, Denmark Johan Hult, MAN Diesel & Turbo SE, Denmark Karl Johan Nogenmyr, MAN Diesel & Turbo SE, Denmark Soennik Clausen, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark 20 SPECIAL Schiff&Hafen | Ship&Offshore | May 2013
Monday, May 13th Tuesday, May 14th Wednesday, May 15th Thursday, May 16th Development and application of advanced engineering tools - for description, prediction and optimisation of the two-stroke diesel engine process - is essential for the development of the marine engines of the future. Here, recent developments of optical and laser-based imaging tools will be presented. Such tools can lead to both increased understanding and predictive capabilities of, for example, the scavenging process, fuel spray structure, flame ignition, and thermal loads. For optical studies access to the combustion chamber has been achieved using sapphire windows, mounted in starting air and fuel injector ports on both standard fuel oil and gas cylinder covers, or inserted in the 24 optical ports of a dedicated optical cover. A few examples, highlighting the new capabilities thus offered, will be presented. High-speed imaging offered detailed views of the dynamics of fuel jet ignition. Pulsed laser illumination was used for visualisation of fuel jets, from which information on fuel jet pe<strong>net</strong>ration, jet velocity, and spray angles could be gathered. For this purpose, a high-power laser and a custom designed imaging system was mounted directly onto the optical cover. The fuel jet data is qualitatively compared with results from KIVA simulations in order to tune spray parameters in the numerical model. The same laser system was also used for measurements of in-cylinder flow velocities, in order to characterise swirl and scavenging. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) was used for those velocity measurements. Finally, infrared imaging was employed for two purposes, firstly for capturing the evolution of piston temperature distributions during single engine cycles and secondly for visualisation of scavenging of hot product gases. CFD simulation of the working process of conical spray combined swirl-chamber diesel engine Liyan Feng, Dalian University of Technology, China Wuqiang Long, Dalian University of Technology, China Wenqi Feng, CNOOC Energy Development Co, China prototype engine, the fuel economy is improved due to finer atomisation of conical spray in the swirl-chamber. Development of spray and combustion simulation tools and application to large two-stroke diesel engine combustion systems Reiner Schulz, Wärtsilä Switzerland Ltd, Switzerland Sebastian Hensel, Wärtsilä Switzerland Ltd, Switzerland Beat von Rotz, Wärtsilä Switzerland Ltd, Switzerland Andreas Schmid, Wärtsilä Switzerland Ltd, Switzerland Kai Herrmann, Wärtsilä Switzerland Ltd, Switzerland German Weisser, Wärtsilä Switzerland Ltd, Switzerland Computational fluid dynamics supporting the optimisation of combustion systems of large marine Diesel engines require submodels for spray, evaporation and combustion modelling. In this paper, the further development of these submodels and their LO AZ SHIP + OFFSHORE 120x170 GB CIMAC_Layout 1 03.04.13 07:15 Seite 1 Visit us at the CIMAC Congress Hall W1, Booth W6008 L’Orange – Leading in fuel injection technology Thanks to the advantages of lower harmful emissions and noise, the swirl-chamber indirect injection diesel engine has been widely used in small type non-road machinery. With the implementation of harmful emission regulations on nonroad machinery diesel engines, the swirlchamber diesel engine regains attention from the domestic and international internal combustion engine industry. In order to improve the fuel economy, the authors modified a swirl-chamber diesel engine, applying conical spray in swirlchamber to improve the fuel-air mixture formation and combustion processes. A 3D CFD software package was employed to investigate the match of the conical spray and swirl-chamber and analyse the performance of the modified engine. The simulation results indicate that with the application of the conical spray on the With its pioneering achievements in injection technology, L’Orange has again and again met the most demanding challenges, setting milestones in the history of technology. As a leading supplier of injection systems in the off-highway segment, we contribute to our customers’ success with innovative technology and efficient processes. Our injection systems are found in high- and medium-speed engines from all successful manufacturers worldwide. We are committed to building on this trust as market leader and as a reliable partner to all our international cus tomers offering unmatched expertise and innovation. L’Orange GmbH, P.O. Box 40 05 40, D-70405 Stuttgart, Germany Tel. +49 711 82609-0, Fax +49 711 82609-61, www.lorange.com 03/2013 May 2013 | Schiff&Hafen | Ship&Offshore SPECIAL 21
Page 1 and 2: CiMaC Congress shanghai 2013
Page 3 and 4: CiMaC CongRess | SHAnGHAI 2013 Welc
Page 5 and 6: The Future is Clear ME-GI dual fuel
Page 7 and 8: Monday, May 13th Tuesday, May 14th
Page 19: Monday, May 13th Tuesday, May 14th
Page 27 and 28: Marine and Offshore Power Generatio
Page 71 and 72:
Monday, May 13th Tuesday, May 14th
Page 73 and 74:
Page 75 and 76:
Page 77 and 78:
Page 79 and 80:
www.schiffundhafen.de www.shipandof
show all

Download - Shipandoffshore.net

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?