Got Food? - the Scientia Review

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Vitamin E. (2007). In Merck Manual. Retrieved March 22, 2012, from Merck Manual Online: http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/nutritional_ disorders/vitamin_deficiency_ dependency_and_toxicity/vitamin_e.html Vitamin E. (2011). In PubMed Health. Retrieved March 26, 2012, from PubMed Health Online: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0003058/ Vitamin K. (2007). In Merck Manual. Retrieved March 22, 2012, from Merck Manual Online: http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/nutritional _disorders/vitamin_deficiency_ dependency_and_toxicity/vitamin_k.html Zeliadt, Nicholette. (2010, July, 10). Vitamin D deficiency linked to Parkinson‘s disease, cognitive decline[Electronic Version]. Scientific American. Illustration Credits http://www.electroherbalism.com/images/regimens/malariaMapResistance.gif http://www.mnn.com/sites/default/files/supplements.jpg http://www.mn-net.com/Portals/4/images/Redakteure_Chroma/GC/Cyclodextrin-GC.gif http://parkinsonsymptoms.net/wp- Hip Fractures http://www.santarosastrength.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/07/hip-fracture.jpg http://www.amazing-glutathione.com/images/antioxidants.jpg http://www.diabetes-ok.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/diabetes_type2.jpg http://migrainerelief.info/images/migraine-causes.jpg 30
Chapter 3 Food Supplements Patrick Aoude, Julia Knowles, and Derek Wegener Introduction The desire to be healthy is the cause of many developments in medical science, chemical engineering, and the nutritional industry. Both engineered and natural remedies have been labeled as cures for an unhealthy lifestyle. The most widespread of these remedies belong to a category known as Food Supplements. These products, also known as dietary supplements, are recognized as foodstuffs which supplement the normal diet and which are a concentrated source of nutrients or other substances with a nutritional or physiological effect. Food supplements exist in the form of capsules, pastilles, tablets, pills and other similar controlled dosages (Eberhardie, 2005). Although these supplements are similar in purpose and form to prescription drugs, the regulations surrounding them are very loose. In the United States, a doctor‘s prescription is not necessary for the acquisition of these drugs and informational labels on their packaging are more similar to those found on food products. With these factors in consideration, it is necessary to question the safety of Food supplements as alternatives to a typical diet, and do these so-called supplements provide sufficient nutrition to support human lifestyle. The intended purpose of food supplements is, for numerous reasons, to replace the need to eat whole food for nutrition. One benefit of this concept is the provision of nutrients to regions of the world that have limited availability to specific nutrition. This characteristic benefits people living in extreme climates which cannot sustain crop production. A lack of fruit and vegetables may result in a deficiency of A and C vitamins for the population of these regions. In many cases, food supplements carry a lower cost burden than whole foods. This characteristic benefits impecunious or impoverished populations where a sufficient diet of whole food is not easily attainable (―The Fight for Food Supplements‖, 2005). Also, food supplements provide concentrated amounts of nutrients and thereby limit the need to consume unneeded volumes of nutrients provided by entire foods. For example, a person may either consume one dietary fiber capsule, or a large bowl of fiber infused breakfast cereal that may contain amounts of carbohydrates, fat, and sugar as well. This characteristic of food supplements may benefit people who are affected by obesity. Many arguments can be made regarding the necessity of food supplements. The benefits of replacing food in the human diet cannot be ignored when considering the viability of food supplements. Patients' reasons for taking food supplements and herbal medicines A lack of faith in the food production, transport and storage system, meaning that nutrients are lost because fruit is harvested too early or growth is forced. A belief that more is better, for example, a large intake of vitamin A in the diet and supplements will prevent blindness. With old age you do not metabolize vitamins and minerals and therefore you should take more. Food supplements delay ageing. Food supplements prevent cancer. Food supplements are safer and healthier than prescribed medication. Food supplements replace the deficiencies caused by a poor diet. Food supplements save you from having to eat vegetables and fruit. Food supplements are a good standby when waiting for a long time to be seen by a specialist doctor. Reasons for using food supplements; the most common reasons that a patient may use to justify taking a food supplement on a routine basis (Eberhardie 2005). 31
Page 1 and 2: Got Food? Recent Advances in Food S
Page 3 and 4: Chapter 1 Diet and Nutrition Ingrid
Page 5 and 6: Economic Uncertainty It is simply n
Page 7 and 8: Administration announced that Omega
Page 9 and 10: An example of nutritional informati
Page 11 and 12: Malnutrition and Disease A growing
Page 13 and 14: Malnutrition Globally Although a gr
Page 15 and 16: thiamine compounds. Deficiency can
Page 17 and 18: BMJ-British Medical Journal (2012).
Page 19 and 20: Chapter 2 Vitamins and Minerals Bar
Page 21 and 22: The Dangers of Multivitamins and Su
Page 23 and 24: Vitamin A and Osteoporotic Hip Frac
Page 25 and 26: Type II diabetes is caused by the i
Page 27 and 28: Bibliography Alam S.M. (2011, Jan 2
Page 29: Riboflavin. (2011). In PubMed Healt
Page 33 and 34: 3112 31-50 49 ± 1 35 ± 1 18 ± 1
Page 35 and 36: An example of a chemically engineer
Page 37 and 38: Step 1 Herbs are checked for pestic
Page 39 and 40: Agent Active Ingredient(s) Trade Na
Page 41 and 42: St. John‘s wort (Hypericumperfora
Page 43 and 44: Pravst, I., &Žmitek, K. (2011). Th
Page 45 and 46: In the late 1970s, the first insuli
Page 47 and 48: New Developments Researchers are co
Page 49 and 50: Prevention and Treatment Pre-diabet
Page 51 and 52: There are three forms of insulin av
Page 53 and 54: Crandall, J. P. (2010, April). Diab
Page 55 and 56: Chapter 5 Diet and Heart Disease Re
Page 57 and 58: Dilated cardiomyopathy condition is
Page 59 and 60: The buildup of plaque within the ar
Page 61 and 62: Heart disease death rates, total po
Page 63 and 64: Sensory vegetarians avoid meat beca
Page 65 and 66: This table documents the relative l
Page 67 and 68: However, vegetarian diets do receiv
Page 69 and 70: Turner-McGrievy, G. (2010.) Nutrien
Page 71 and 72: Scientists are aware that physical
Page 73 and 74: one study, research examined two ch
Page 75 and 76: contributing to the metabolic syndr
Page 77 and 78: In 2011, an Australian study concer
Page 79 and 80: the food pass through the stomach,
Page 81 and 82:
Giovannucci, E., & Michaud, D. (200
Page 83 and 84:
There is already a basic infrastruc
Page 85 and 86:
estrictions on how much can be grow
Page 87 and 88:
A fisherman prepares to sift throug
Page 89 and 90:
Slow Food is an international organ
Page 91 and 92:
It is a sad fact that the food syst
Page 93 and 94:
Illustration Credits http://static.
Page 95 and 96:
One of Borlaug‘s most important c
Page 97 and 98:
Different crops use different resou
Page 99 and 100:
source of Vitamin A for the poor po
Page 101 and 102:
Plot of world grain production per
Page 103 and 104:
Recent studies also highlight the h
Page 105 and 106:
Chapter 10 Food Preservation Adam C
Page 107 and 108:
Common spoiling enzymes and their e
Page 109 and 110:
Freezing, along with drying, is use
Page 111 and 112:
With these new developments in pres
Page 113 and 114:
An area of future research is bacte
Page 115 and 116:
Parish. M. (2006). How do salt and
Page 117 and 118:
Applications Recently, scientists h
Page 119 and 120:
livestock nutrition as well. Throug
Page 121 and 122:
modified/engineered crops are benef
Page 123 and 124:
added regulatory process, the EU na
Page 125 and 126:
Future of GMO Crops A booming globa
Page 127 and 128:
Biotech crops are benefitting peopl
Page 129 and 130:
Levidow, L., Carr, S., and Wield D.
Page 131 and 132:
This bar graph illustrates the amou
Page 133 and 134:
to the tropics, where an estimated
Page 135 and 136:
The search for sustainable agricult
Page 137 and 138:
water lost to evaporation. It is al
Page 139 and 140:
Francis, C. A., & Porter, P. (2011)
Page 141 and 142:
and science. In a similar way, know
Page 143 and 144:
Sustainable and Alternative Agricul
Page 145 and 146:
After the farmed organisms have mat
Page 147 and 148:
Farmers seeking for a hydroponics m
Page 149 and 150:
Chapter 14 Food Additives Naveena S
Page 151 and 152:
Different regions in the world have
Page 153 and 154:
However, probiotic lactobacilli fac
Page 155 and 156:
and potentially harmful. In 1977 th
Page 157 and 158:
Recent discoveries have led to the
Page 159 and 160:
Phosphates and Kidney Disease A tea
Page 161 and 162:
It is not yet confirmed that using
Page 163 and 164:
Illustration Credits http://www.cho
Page 165 and 166:
Fuel Types and Biomass Environmenta
Page 167 and 168:
Kerosene and LPG are commonly used
Page 169 and 170:
The map displays the amount of deat
Page 171 and 172:
Global Politics on Cooking in Devel
Page 173:
Lahkar, P. J., Samdarshi, S. K. (20
show all

Got Food? - the Scientia Review

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?