Kanyarukiga - JUDGEMENT AND SENTENCE - Refworld

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CONTENTS CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................... 1 1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................... 1 2. SUMMARY OF PROCEDURAL HISTORY ........................................................................................ 1 3. OVERVIEW OF THE CASE ............................................................................................................ 1 CHAPTER II: PRELIMINARY ISSUES ........................................................................................ 6 1. ISSUES RELATING TO THE INDICTMENT ...................................................................................... 6 1.1. Facts not Pleaded in the Indictment ........................................................................................ 6 1.2. Decision on the Defence Motion for Exclusion of Evidence ................................................. 8 2. EVIDENTIARY MATTERS ............................................................................................................. 9 3. DECISION ON DEFENCE MOTION FOR ACQUITTAL .................................................................... 12 4. JUDICIAL NOTICE ..................................................................................................................... 13 4.1. Facts of Common Knowledge .............................................................................................. 13 4.2. Adjudicated Facts ................................................................................................................. 14 5. ALLEGED DISAPPEARANCE OF EXCULPATORY MATERIALS ..................................................... 14 6. NOTICE OF ALIBI ...................................................................................................................... 16 CHAPTER III: FACTUAL FINDINGS ........................................................................................ 17 1. ALIBI, 12-16 APRIL 1994 ......................................................................................................... 17 1.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 17 1.2. Evidence................................................................................................................................ 17 1.3. Deliberations ......................................................................................................................... 27 1.4. Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 32 2. KILLINGS OF TUTSI CIVILIANS IN KIVUMU COMMUNE AFTER 6 APRIL 1994 ............................. 33 2.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 33 2.2. Evidence................................................................................................................................ 33 2.3. Deliberations ......................................................................................................................... 40 2.4. Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 46 3. MEETINGS AT NYANGE PARISH, “ON OR ABOUT 10 APRIL 1994” AND “ON OR ABOUT 12 APRIL 1994” ....................................................................................................................... 47 3.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 47 3.2. Evidence................................................................................................................................ 47 3.3. Deliberations ......................................................................................................................... 53 3.4. Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 62 4. ARMED ATTACKERS SURROUND NYANGE CHURCH FROM 12 APRIL 1994 ............................... 63 4.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 63 4.2. Evidence................................................................................................................................ 63 4.3. Deliberations ......................................................................................................................... 71 4.4. Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 79 5. ATTACKS AT NYANGE PARISH ON 15 APRIL 1994 .................................................................... 81 5.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 81 5.2. Evidence................................................................................................................................ 81 5.3. Deliberations ....................................................................................................................... 101 5.4. Conclusion .......................................................................................................................... 121 6. DESTRUCTION OF NYANGE PARISH CHURCH ON 16 APRIL 1994 ............................................ 123 6.1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 123 6.2. Evidence.............................................................................................................................. 123 6.3. Deliberations ....................................................................................................................... 135 6.4. Conclusion .......................................................................................................................... 149 The Prosecutor v. Gaspard Kanyarukiga, Case No. ICTR-2002-78-T i
CHAPTER IV: LEGAL FINDINGS ............................................................................................ 151 1. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................... 151 2. CRIMINAL RESPONSIBILITY .................................................................................................... 151 2.1. Applicable Law ................................................................................................................... 151 2.2. Notice .................................................................................................................................. 154 3. GENOCIDE .............................................................................................................................. 156 3.1. Applicable Law ................................................................................................................... 156 3.2. Application.......................................................................................................................... 158 3.3. Conclusion .......................................................................................................................... 162 4. COMPLICITY IN GENOCIDE ..................................................................................................... 162 5. CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY (EXTERMINATION)................................................................... 162 5.1. Applicable Law ................................................................................................................... 162 5.2. Application.......................................................................................................................... 163 5.3. Conclusion .......................................................................................................................... 164 CHAPTER V: VERDICT ............................................................................................................. 165 CHAPTER VI: SENTENCING .................................................................................................... 166 1. APPLICABLE LAW ................................................................................................................... 166 2. SUBMISSIONS .......................................................................................................................... 166 3. DELIBERATIONS ..................................................................................................................... 167 3.1. Gravity of the Offence ........................................................................................................ 167 3.2. Aggravating Circumstances ................................................................................................ 167 3.3. Mitigating Circumstances ................................................................................................... 168 3.4. Sentencing Practice ............................................................................................................. 168 3.5. Credit for Time Served ....................................................................................................... 169 4. CONCLUSION .......................................................................................................................... 170 ANNEX A: PROCEDURAL HISTORY ..................................................................................... 171 1. THE INDICTMENT .................................................................................................................... 171 2. MOTION FOR REFERRAL UNDER RULE 11 BIS ......................................................................... 171 3. PRE-TRIAL PHASE .................................................................................................................. 172 4. TRIAL PHASE .......................................................................................................................... 175 5. FURTHER PROCEEDINGS ......................................................................................................... 181 ANNEX B: DEFINED TERMS AND JURISPRUDENCE ........................................................ 182 1. LIST OF DEFINED TERMS, ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ................................................. 182 2. JURISPRUDENCE ..................................................................................................................... 183 2.1. ICTR ................................................................................................................................... 183 2.2. ICTY ................................................................................................................................... 188 3. OTHER MATERIAL .................................................................................................................. 191 ANNEX C: AMENDED INDICTMENT ..................................................................................... 192 The Prosecutor v. Gaspard Kanyarukiga, Case No. ICTR-2002-78-T ii
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