ABACA Activities in the Philippines - Unido

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Ref. No. CFC/FIGHF/09 CFC/UNIDO/FIDA 8 Time to Tmax Time at Tmax : 1.5 hrs : 3.0 hrs 3.5.2 Textile Analyses were done on spent liquor, yield, and Kappa number. Initial strength properties such as tensile, burst and tear were determined. For comparative evaluation, spindle stripped abaca of grades S2, G and JK, which were taken also from Sitio Lip-ac, Barangay Catagbacan, Goa, Camarines Sur were pulped employing the same conditions. The test was conducted by the Philippine Textile Research Institute (PTRI) employing the following methodologies: for moisture content the PTRI Standard Method of Test No. 37-1992/PNS 433 1992 was used; for residual gum content, the method of Jute Technological Research Laboratories (JRTL), India was applied. 3.5.3 Wastes utilization Uses for animal feeds and soil conditioning of the wastes from decortication were determined. 3.5.3.1 Fertilizer/Soil conditioner Decorticated abaca wastes were composted following the composting procedure provided by the Bureau of Soils and Water Management (BSWM). The composted materials were then analysed for their nutrient contents. 3.5.3.2 Animal feeds Wastes from decortication of abaca fiber were gathered and dried for proximate analyses. Dried samples were first cut into one (1) inch long and then ground in a Wiley mill using 1 mm mesh. About 500 grams ground sample were submitted to BAI Laboratory Services Division for proximate analyses following AOAC Method (Association of Official Analytical Chemists). The samples were analyzed and the percentage values for fiber, protein, fat, moisture, ash, nitrogen-free-extract (NFE) and gross energy content were taken.
Ref. No. CFC/FIGHF/09 CFC/UNIDO/FIDA 9 4.0 Results and discussions 4.1 Assessment of the efficiency of existing fiber extraction machines and tools Production of abaca fiber involves the following step: fiber recovered manual (handstripping) (29%) tuxy tumble stalk manual (handstripping) (43%) leafsheaths are separated decortication (95%) Figure 1. Abaca fiber production flow It starts with the tumbling of the stalk, which leaf sheaths are either tuxied or separated depending on the extraction process employed. If the process is stripping, tuxies are used; if decortication, the raw materials are leaf sheaths. A stalk of abaca contains fiber equivalent to 3-4% of its weight depending on variety, maturity, and source of the plant. The method of extraction influences fiber recovery. At 3.5% fiber content of abaca stalks, manual stripping yields 1% fiber or 28% of the recoverable fiber; spindle stripping recovers 1.5% or 43% of the total fiber content while the decortication process produces 3.34% fiber by weight of the stalk or 95% of the total recoverable fiber. An assessment was, likewise, conducted on the cost of labor involved in fiber production. Based on the amount of time spent to undertake an activity, tuxying comes out as the highest cost in fiber production, accounting for 45.79% of the total cost. The second most expensive labor is stripping or fiber extraction with 19.87% share of the total fiber production cost. Similar situation was observed in Sorsogon and Davao, where the highest cost is in tuxying followed by stripping. In Leyte, the high cost of tuxying is followed by hauling, which takes 22.47% of the total cost. Stripping comes third as the most expensive labor.
Page 1: ABACA Improvement of Fiber Extracti
Page 4 and 5: Ref. No. CFC/FIGHF/09 CFC/UNIDO/FID
Page 60 and 61:
Ref. No. CFC/FIGHF/09 CFC/UNIDO/FID
Page 62 and 63:
Page 64 and 65:
Page 66 and 67:
Page 68 and 69:
Page 70 and 71:
show all

ABACA Activities in the Philippines - Unido

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?