ABACA Activities in the Philippines - Unido

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Ref. No. CFC/FIGHF/09 CFC/UNIDO/FIDA 28 In hand- and spindle stripping method, the leaf sheath is tuxied prior to extraction to separate the primary from the secondary fiber, where the helices are concentrated. In decortication, the whole leaf sheath is extracted, thereby, higher amount of helices remain in the fiber. As shown in Table 10, higher number of helices are found in decorticated abaca fiber. 4.4.5 Chemical properties Decorticated abaca fiber is lower in ash, solubilities, and lignin content and is high in cellulose. This confirms the SEM photography, which shows the decorticated abaca fiber comparable in cleanliness with S2. Table 12. Comparative chemical properties of selected grades of abaca fiber, by method of cleaning Solubilities in: Cellulose Ash Alc-ben 1% NaOH Hot water Lignin Holo Alpha (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) Hemi (%) Hand stripped JK 1.83 a 3.05 a 21.33 b 2.05 a 9.86 a 83.37 e 61.95 c 14.94 cd Spindle stripped JK 1.28 bc 1.71 bc 16.11 c 1.71 ab 9.45 b 86.34 d 62.19 c 15.50 bc Hand stripped G 1.49 b 1.87 b 22.40 a 1.62 abc 9.34 b 86.54 d 63.79 b 14.78 d Spindle stripped G 1.16 c 1.26 de 14.38 g 1.54 abc 9.08 c 87.03 c 63.91 b 15.72 b Hand stripped S2 1.31 bc 1.04 e 17.84 d 1.35 bc 8.86 d 87.89 b 64.12 ab 14.49 d Spindle stripped S2 0.85 d 0.72 f 15.78 f 1.14 c 8.44 e 88.92 a 64.69 a 15.49 bc Decorticated fiber 1.33 bc 1.47 cd 20.37 c 1.80 ab 8.56 e 87.50 b 63.97 ab 17.64 a Note: Means with the same letter are not significantly different at 5% level 5.0 Utilization of Abaca Fiber 5.1 Pulp Decorticated abaca fiber shows lower pulp yield of 63.91% and comparatively higher rejects of 0.35%. Because of the presence of higher number of helices and parenchyma, chemical consumption is high at 90.78. Kappa number is highest at 9.68 but still within the range of easy bleaching.
Ref. No. CFC/FIGHF/09 CFC/UNIDO/FIDA 29 Table 13. Pulping analysis of decorticated and spindle stripped abaca fibers Deco Abaca Spindle Stripped Abaca Fibers Fiber S2 G JK % Pulp yield % Accepts 63.56 70.75 65.44 66.52 %Rejects 0.35 0.27 0.24 0.27 Total 63.91 71.02 65.68 66.79 % Chemical Consumption Based on chemical charged 90.78 88.02 88.11 88.45 Kappa Number 9.68 7.52 8.60 9.31 At zero beating, the freeness value of decorticated abaca pulp is relatively low at 520 CSF. Its tear index is lower at 7.88 mN-m 2 /g, but tensile index is highest at 142.541. Air permeability is high or less porous compared with the spindle stripped S2, G and JK abaca grades. Table 14. Properties of decorticated and spindle stripped abaca pulp Particulars Deco S2 G JK Freeness 520 665 647 620 Basis Weight, gsm as tested 65.79 66.99 66.90 66.27 oven dried 60.004 61.681 61.307 60.723 Thickness, mm 0.1054 0.1254 0.1254 0.1218 Density, g/ml 0.5693 0.4919 0.4889 0.4985 Tear Index, mN-m 2 /g 7.88 12.37 12.85 11.77 Tensile Index N-m/g 142.541 120.222 112.624 127.965 Air Permeability, GuS 15.86 1.29 1.42 1.81 5.2 Textile Preliminary results of the test on the use of decorticated abaca fiber for textile show this fiber to have passed initial quality requirement tests, but needs machine run test for confirmation. Table 15. Laboratory test results for textile use* Property S2 Deco Moisture content, % Residual gum content, % Tensile strength 10.80 28.70 40.80 *Analysis was done by the Philippine Textile Research Institute 9.81 38.40 42.15
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ABACA Activities in the Philippines - Unido

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