ABACA Activities in the Philippines - Unido

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Ref. No. CFC/FIGHF/09 CFC/UNIDO/FIDA 54 These entries (Figure 4) were selected following the protocol described in the study conducted by VillaJuan- Abgona, et al. (2004) which screened varieties from major abaca producing regions for yields and reaction to diseases. A B C D E F G H Figure 4. Test entries: A– Abuab; B – Musa tex 51; C — Lausigon; D – Inosa; E – Linawaan; F– Laguis; G– Tangongon; H– Maguindanao The experiments in Labo, Camarines Norte and Abuyog, Leyte were established in December 2001, while the one in Compostela Valley was established in December 2002. Virus-free abaca seedpieces containing 2-3 eyebuds were used as planting materials in Labo and Abuyog whilst 3-month old bagged abaca plants grown from virus-free seedpieces were used in Mawab. Good agricultural practices were applied uniformly in all experimental sites (Annex A). The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. An experimental plot consisted of 6 7-hill rows, spaced at 2.5 m between rows and 2.0 m between hills. Data on number of stalks per hill, number of stalks harvested, stalk dimension, number of leaf sheaths and dry fiber yield were gathered from 20 completely bordered abaca hills in a plot. The fiber yield per hectare and per cent fiber recovery were also computed (Annex B). These data were taken at harvest, and currently, Labo had undertaken 3 harvests, Abuyog had 2 and Mawab had 1. 4. Results and Discussion 4.1 Description of location Masalong, Labo, Camarines Norte The area was plain to slightly rolling with a soil that was clayey loam, rich in phosphorus, deficient in both nitrogen and potassium (K), and slightly acidic (pH of 6.5). Belonging to Type II Climate and having a monthly average rainfall of 224.2 mm, it had no dry season but with a very pronounced maximum rain from November to February. Sitio Lourdes, Balinsasayao, Abuyog, Leyte The area was hilly and undulating. Its soil was silt loam, having a pH of 6.0, and containing 3% organic matter (OM), 43 ppm phosphorus (P) and a sufficient level of K. Like Labo, it belonged to Type II Climate with a monthly average rainfall of 250.0 mm.
Ref. No. CFC/FIGHF/09 CFC/UNIDO/FIDA 55 Nueva Visaya, Mawab, Compostela Valley Situated near the foot of extremely undulating Mount Oro, the experimental area was generally plain with a soil that was heavy and silty clay, slightly acidic (pH of 5.8) and containing 1.25% OM, 6 ppm P and 576.42 ppm K. Its climate, classified under Type IV had neither dry season nor a very pronounced rainy period. For the period December 2001 to July 2004, the area had a monthly average rainfall of 533.9 mm. 4.2 Effect of variety x location on fiber yield To determine whether the varieties responded differentially to the locations, a combined analysis was conducted. Prior to this, a Levene’s test was done to ascertain the homogeneity of the error variances of the locations. The Levene’s test showed that adequate homogeneity was obtained for fiber yield (see Table 1) thus, a combined analysis of variance would be valid. The combined analysis of variance for yield is presented in Table 2. A combined analysis of location and variety was done which involved Labo and Abuyog as the locations and Abuab, Musa tex 51, Lausigon, Inosa, Linawaan, Laguis, Maguindanao and Tangongon as the varieties. It should be noted that the Mawab experiment was excluded from the combined analysis of variance because the results were too inadequate from which to derive valid conclusions as the experiment was still at its early stage. In fact, too early to discriminate among the varieties. With only a single harvest, results showed no significant difference among varieties. Table 1 . Levene’s test for homogeneity of yield variance. Source of Degrees of Mean F value Pr > F Variations Freedom Square Location 2 1.9888 0.26 0.7704 Error 89 7.6019 Table 2. Combined analysis of variance for Abuyog and Labo. Source of Variations Degree of Freedom Mean Squares Location 1 9920.08 Block (Location) 6 27243.90 Variety 7 81272.62* Location * Variety 7 29502.66** Error 38 28330.20 The interaction effect of location and entry on fiber yield was highly significant (Figure 5). This could be gleaned from the intersecting lines of responses for Inosa and Maguindanao. Significant interaction effect was also observed in Laguis. On the other hand, no interaction with location was demonstrated by Abuab, Tangongon and Linawaan as shown by the three parallel lines corresponding to these varieties. This significant interaction effect would imply that the varieties responded differently to the two locations; some varieties performed better in one location than in the other location. In Labo, the Visayan variety Inosa (Figure 6) was the top yielder (846 kg/ha/harvest) followed by the Bicol entry, Musa tex 51 (545 kg/ha/harvest) and another Visayan variety, Linawaan (544 kg/ha/harvest). Compared with the check variety Abuab, the yield of Inosa was more than two-fold. The high yield of these 3 varieties could be attributed to their number of harvestable stalks per hill (Table 3); all of them had 1.5 harvestable stalks which were significantly more than the rest of the entries.
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