ABACA Activities in the Philippines - Unido

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Ref. No. CFC/FIGHF/09 CFC/UNIDO/FIDA 10 Table 1. Comparative cost of labor to produce 1 kg of abaca fiber Particulars Sorsogon % Leyte % Davao % Average % Cost Dist Dist Dist Dist Time to produce 1 kg fibers, min 30.17 29.67 23.11 27.65 - Average wt of stalk, kg 14.26 25.92 29.72 23.33 - Underbrushing/Tumbling*, P 1.51 17.76 1.86 15.54 1.48 12.02 1.62 14.83 Tuxying*, P 3.67 43.18 5.15 43.02 6.20 50.37 5.00 45.79 Hauling*, P 0.35 4.12 2.69 22.47 1.31 10.64 1.45 13.28 Stripping*, P 2.57 30.24 1.67 13.96 2.27 18.44 2.17 19.87 Drying*, P 0.40 4.70 0.60 5.01 1.05 8.53 0.68 6.23 Cost of 1 kg fiber, P share of the workers 8.50 11.97 12.31 10.92 - Stripping process manual spindle spindle - - Total 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 4.1.1 Tuxying tools pointed blade Figure 2. Existing tuxying knife The tuxying knife is made of a straight pointed blade of about 150-200 mm in length. In tuxying, the knife is thrust to one side of the leaf sheath to make a cut between the upper and the inner portions of the material. The exposed part is then pulled out to detach the tuxy from the leaf sheath while it is still adhering to the stalk. The area pierced by the knife covers 6-9 cm width and a depth of 1-3mm. Based on the fresh weight of the stalk, tuxeros in Davao recover more tuxy, at 20.1% and produce more with 36.3kgs/hr of tuxying. Those in Leyte recover least tuxy with 14.1% but more efficient with 29.9 kgs/hr production compared to 17.5 kgs/hr output in Sorsogon. The tuxeros in these provinces produce thicker tuxy at 18.4% recovery but are slower in tuxying at 17.5 kgs/hr.
Ref. No. CFC/FIGHF/09 CFC/UNIDO/FIDA 11 According to tuxeros, tuxying induces back pain that they need to rest after an hour of work. Table 2. Efficiency in tuxying, by selected province Particular Sorsogon Leyte Davao Recovered tuxy (% of stalk) 18.4 14.1 20.1 Time to tuxy, kg/hr 17.5 29.9 Common complaint: backache after an hour of tuxying 36.3 Lessons learned: 4.1.2 Decorticating machines • The amount of tuxy recovered by weight of the stalk and the quantity produced per unit of time are dependent on the skill of the tuxeros. • The use of existing tuxying knife is not user-friendly. There are two types of decorticating machines available in the country. The difference between the two is in the size of output. A 40 kg/day decorticating machine is in operation in a number of abaca producing provinces. It was produced by a private entrepreneur and patterned after the multifiber decorticating machine, which is an improvement of the raspador, a decorticator for ramie. The multifiber decorticating machine has a capacity of 80 kgs/8hrs and was developed by the Fiber Industry Development Authority. Figure 3. Multifiber decorticating machine The major parts of the multifiber decorticating machine are the extracting cylinder, the breastplate and feeding chute. The machine is mounted on a chassis with pneumatic tires and is powered by a 5hp diesel engine. To operate the machine, about half of the leaf sheaths are fed to the extracting chamber where beating and partial scraping takes place. Complete scraping of non-fibrous materials takes place as the leaf sheaths are being pulled out. The other half of the leaf sheaths are fed and undergo the same process. 4.2 Development of abaca tuxer
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ABACA Activities in the Philippines - Unido

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