Recharge systems for protecting and enhancing groundwate

TOPIC 1
Alternative recharge systems / Recharge systems 211
The climate is a continental with insufficient precipitation, high evaporation and annual temperature, and low
humidity during the spring-and-summer period. The mean annual precipitation is 508 mm and the mean annual
temperature is 7,4 º C.
The exploration of the area was carried out over the period 1954 – 2000 by the Rostov expedition. The investigation
included geological mapping, estimation of groundwater level, and chemical analysis of water. Information about
groundwater level was taken every third day, chemical analyses of water was made once a month.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
We analyzed the precipitation, temperature and groundwater level data from 1954 to 1993. Table 1 shows the
variations of meteorological variables.
Table 1. Trends of temperature and precipitation in Rostov region
Observation
(years)
Continuation
of the observation
Temperature
( º C / year)
Trend
Precipitation
(mm / year)
1954–1993 40 0, 21 11, 21
1954–1959 6 –0, 10 10, 50
1960–1969 10 –0, 08 10, 75
1970–1979 10 0 –0, 53
1980–1989 10 0, 12 20, 73
1990–1993 4 1, 98 7, 25
After examination of the average annual precipitation, we found out that the precipitation over average was marked
in 1958, 1966, 1970, 1977, 1988, 1989, 1990, and 1993. The maximum annual mean air temperature during the
measurements period was in 1955, 1957, 1962, 1966, 1971, 1975, 1979, 1981, 1983, 1989, 1990, and 1992. The
exploration showed that increasing of precipitation leads to the groundwater raising (Figure 1).
Precipitation
0,00
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
0,50
Groundwater level
1,00
1,50
2,00
2,50
3,00
3,50
Figure 4. CD3: Water balance – wet season (2004) & dry season (2003)
10 – 16 June 2005, Berlin ■ 5th International Symposium ■ AQUIFER RECHARGE ■ ISMAR 2005