Recharge systems for protecting and enhancing groundwate

546
TOPIC 4
Health aspects / Pharmaceutical active compounds and endocrine disrupting compounds
As shown in Figure 6, attenuation rates between 11% and 15% were observed for carbamazepine by comparing the
median concentrations measured in the surface water and the shallow monitoring wells 3308, 3310 and 3311. At
the water supply well no. 13, carbamazepine was attenuated by more than 85%.
AMDOPH
Transect Tegel
Carbamazepine
Transect Tegel
conc. [ng/L]
1800
1200
600
0
–600
N = 26
16
11
18
16
16
18
17
18
18
18 27
4
9
26 21 22
5
27
6
conc. [ng/L]
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
–200
N = 26
16
20
11
20
16
20
14
13
17
18
20
18
14
13
20
18
27
26
20
93
21
8
20 18
26 13 23 16
22
27
6
12
Surface water
3311
3310
3308
TEG371OP
TEG371UP
TEG372
3301
3302
3303
Well 13
3304
3305
Surface water
3311
3310
3308
TEG371OP
TEG371UP
TEG372
3301
3302
3303
TEG374
Well 13
3304
3305
CONCLUSIONS
Figure 6. Attenuation rates [%] of carbamazepine median concentrations at transect Tegel
During bank filtration as conducted at lakes Wannsee and Tegel in Berlin, Germany, several drug residues including
the analgesic drug diclofenac and the antiepileptic drugs carbamazepine and primidone are leaching from contaminated
surface water into the ground water aquifers. They also occur at low concentrations in receiving watersupply
wells. Indometacine (antiphlogistic drug) and bezafibrate (blood lipid regulator) are efficiently removed and
were not detected downstream of the first two monitoring wells. However, they were detectable at concentrations
up to 100 ng/L in the surface water. The drug metabolites AMDOPH and clofibric acid and the analgesic drug
propyphenazone were measured with higher concentrations in some monitoring wells than those detected in
surface water. As far as occurrence of AMDOPH and propyphenazone is concerned, this phenomenon could
be explained by an old environmental plume (Reddersen, 2002). Additionally the detected concentrations of
AMDOPH and propyphenazone at deeper parts of the aquifers allow the conclusion that these compounds are highly
persistent under anoxic/anaerobic conditions. The higher concentrations of the drug metabolite clofibric acid in
some monitoring wells compared to the surface water are the result of higher application rates of the original (precursor)
pharmaceuticals in the past as well as the high persistence of its residues.
In conclusion, bank filtration has proven as being a useful technique for surface water pre-treatment and is also able
to remove some of the pharmaceutical residues such as indometacine and bezafibrate. Diclofenac and carbamazepine
were only partly removed during the infiltration process. For historical reasons, other highly persistent
residues including AMDOPH, clofibric acid and propyphenazone appear at higher concentrations in some monitoring
wells compared to those found in surface water.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The authors thank Veolia waters and the Berlin water company for sponsoring the NASRI project and the Competence
Centre of Water Berlin, especially Dr. Birgit Fritz for the coordination and suggestions.
ISMAR 2005 ■ AQUIFER RECHARGE ■ 5th International Symposium ■ 10 –16 June 2005, Berlin