Type E Botulism in Michigan - Michigan Sea Grant
Type E Botulism in Michigan - Michigan Sea Grant
Type E Botulism in Michigan - Michigan Sea Grant
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Significant F<strong>in</strong>d<strong>in</strong>gs from the Dieoffs<br />
(cont.)<br />
• “Evidence suggests that botulism <strong>Type</strong> E <strong>in</strong><br />
gulls and loons is acquired through <strong>in</strong>gestion of<br />
fish conta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g the tox<strong>in</strong>.”<br />
• “The sporadic reports of epizootics of <strong>Type</strong> E<br />
botulism suggests that factors determ<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g<br />
tox<strong>in</strong> production or its availability to birds<br />
vary from year to year.”
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