10Gbps Optical Receiver and VCSEL Driver in 0.13um CMOS ...

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electrical and optical dBs. As indicated in Fig 3.2 the laser characteristics, in particular I TH , are strongly temperature and age dependent. For example a laser that nominally requires 25-mA to output 1mW of optical power, may require in excess to 50-mA at 85 ◦C and near the end of life to output the same power. The temperature dependence of the threshold current is exponential and can be described by: I TH T ( T ) = I 0 ⋅exp( ) (3.1) T 0 where I 0 is a constant and T 0 is in the range of 50 − 70K for InGaAsP lasers. The temperature dependence of the laser’s slope efficiency is less dramatic, a 30−40% reduction when heating the laser from 25 to 85 ◦C is typical. Because of the strong temperature and age dependence of the laser’s L/I curve all communication lasers have a built-in monitor photodiode which measures the optical output power at the back facet of the laser. The current from the photodiode closely tracks the optical power coupled into the fiber with little dependence on temperature and age, a tracking error of ±10% is typical. The monitor photodiode can be used to implement an Automatic Power Control (APC). 33
Optical Power (mW) 0°C 25°C 75°C Slope efficiency falls off Threshold current increases Current (mA) Figure 3.2 L-I Curves for a Semiconductor Laser Figure 3.3 Average Optical Power and Extinction Ratio 34
Page 1 and 2: 10-Gb/s Optical Receiver and VCSEL
Page 4 and 5: Contents Figure Index______________
Page 6 and 7: Figure 2.12 (a) Common-Gate and (b)
Page 8 and 9: Table Index Table 1. Measurement Re
Page 10 and 11: low-noise characteristics. However,
Page 12 and 13: Chapter Ⅰ Introduction 1.1 Optica
Page 14 and 15: An optical communication system gen
Page 16 and 17: Chapter Ⅱ 10-Gb/s Optical Receive
Page 18 and 19: performance of receiver. The photod
Page 20 and 21: Photodiode C PD I in TIA + V out -
Page 22 and 23: sensitivity of the whole receiver.
Page 24 and 25: and feedback TIAs. The goal when de
Page 26 and 27: performance of this device comes at
Page 28 and 29: + V in - + + LA - - + V out - Figur
Page 30 and 31: 2.2 10-Gb/s Optical Receiver Analog
Page 32 and 33: inversely proportional to BW 3-dB .
Page 34 and 35: common-gate configuration. For exam
Page 36 and 37: 2.14 shows schematic of DC offset c
Page 38 and 39: ω 3− dB GBW Our work Figure 2.16
Page 40 and 41: in Fig 2.20. Optical receiver maint
Page 42 and 43: 3.1 Background 3.1.1 VCSEL CHAPTER
Page 46 and 47: 3.2 Design of VCSEL Driver 3.2.1 Pr
Page 48 and 49: 3.3 Simulation Results Figure 3.6 E
Page 50 and 51: (b) Figure 4.1 Microphotographs of
Page 52 and 53: MM410C (optical power monitor and a
Page 54 and 55: transimpedance amplifiers and limit
Page 56 and 57: (d) Figure 4.4 Eye Patterns of the
Page 58 and 59: CHAPTER Ⅴ Conclusion In this diss
Page 60 and 61: Bibliography [1] Wei-Zen Chen and D
Page 62 and 63: [12] Behnam Analui and Ali Hajimiri
Page 64 and 65: 국문요약 CMOS 0.13-μm 공정
Page 66: 다. 본 연구에서 설계된 광

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