Major Health Issues in Nova Scotia: An Environmental Scan

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# Reference Brief Notes rates and whether the effect varied by social group. The authors conclude that home safety education provided most commonly as one-to-one, face-to-face education, in a clinical setting or at home, especially with the provision of safety equipment is effective in increasing a range of safety practices. There is a lack of evidence regarding its impact on child injury rates. 17. Krug,EG. World health assembly resolutions on violence and injury prevention: New opportunities for national action. n/a Inj.Control.Saf.Promot.; 2004; 11(4):259-63. 18. Licence,K. Promoting and protecting the health of children and young people. Child Care Health Dev.; 2004; 30(6):623-35. 19. Lyons,SS. Evidence-based protocol: Fall prevention for older adults. J.Gerontol.Nurs.; 2005; 31(11):9-14. 20. MacCulloch,PA, Gardner,T and Bonner,A. Comprehensive fall prevention programs across settings: A review of the literature. Geriatr.Nurs.; 2007; 28(5):306-11. 21. McClure,R, Nixon,J, Spinks,A, et al. Community-based programmes to prevent falls in children: A systematic review. J.Paediatr.Child Health; 2005; 41(9-10):465-70. 22. McClure,R, Turner,C, Peel,N, et al. Population-based interventions for the prevention of fall-related injuries in older people. Cochrane Database Syst.Rev.; 2005; (1)(1):CD004441. 23. McInnes,E and Askie,L. Evidence review on older people's views and experiences of falls prevention strategies. Worldviews Evid Based.Nurs.; 2004; 1(1):20-37. This paper is based on a selective review of evidence relating to health promotion in childhood. In many areas, the quality of primary research into health promotion interventions aimed at children and young people is poor. The authors conclude there are effective interventions to promote and protect the health of children and young people that require action across the five areas described in the Ottawa Charter. Further research is needed using larger study populations, and closely defined interventions, both targeted and universal, in order to fill some of the current gaps in the evidence base for health promotion in children and young people. n/a The prevention and management of falls across health care and community settings continues to be one of the greatest challenges in geriatric nursing. This article reviews the literature on fall prevention and management and provides information on national programs and resources, as well as public policy related to falls in the elderly. The authors systematically reviewed the literature to examine the evidence for the effectiveness of community-based interventions to reduce fall-related injury in children aged 0-16 years. Only six studies fitting the inclusion criteria were identified in the search and only two of these used a trial design with a contemporary community control. There is a paucity of research studies from which evidence regarding the effectiveness of community-based intervention programmes for the prevention of fall-related injury in children could be based. This study’s objective was to assess the effectiveness of populationbased interventions, defined as coordinated, community-wide, multistrategy initiatives, for reducing fall-related injuries among older people. Out of 23 identified studies, five met the criteria for inclusion in the study’s review. The authors conclude that the consistency of reported reductions in fall-related injuries across all programmes support the preliminary claim that the population-based approach to the prevention of fall-related injury is effective and can form the basis of public health practice. Randomised, multiple community trials of population-based interventions are indicated to increase the level of evidence in support of the population-based approach. Research is also required to elucidate the barriers and facilitators in populationbased interventions that influence the extent to which population programmes are effective. This systematic review examined the literature on the views, preferences, and experiences of older people in relation to falls prevention strategies. Several important findings emerged. These included preferences for falls prevention strategies not involving behaviour change among some groups, the need to promote the social value of falls prevention programs, and the importance of
# Reference Brief Notes identifying and addressing factors associated with activity avoidance. Although trials of multifactorial falls prevention packages have reported beneficial results, in clinical practice it is important to consult with individual potential participants and find out what characteristics they are willing to modify, and what changes they are prepared to make to reduce their risk of falling. Otherwise, there is the risk that expensive programs are not properly targeted or fail to achieve maximum participation rates. Further work on the most robust and pragmatic methods of synthesizing disparate studies on patients' views and preferences to inform evidence-based guideline recommendations is needed. 24. Meier,C, Stahli,R and Szucs,T. Cost and benefit analysis of population-based disease and accident prevention and health promotion (brief record). 2006; 11(3):168- n/a 175. 25. Mercy,JA, Sleet,DA and Doll,LS. Applying a developmental approach to injury prevention. Am.J.Health.Educ); 2003; 34(5):Supplement: S,6-S-12. 26. Mock,C and Cherian,MN. The global burden of musculoskeletal injuries: Challenges and solutions. Clin.Orthop.Relat.Res.; 2008; 466(10):2306-16. 27. Mock,C, Joshipura,M, Quansah,R, et al. Advancing injury prevention and trauma care in north america and globally. Surg.Clin.North Am.; 2007; 87(1):1,19, v. 28. Mock,C, Quansah,R, Krishnan,R, et al. Strengthening the prevention and care of injuries worldwide. Lancet; 2004; 363(9427):2172-9. 29. Nilsen,P. What makes community based injury prevention work? in search of evidence of effectiveness. Inj.Prev.; 2004; 10(5):268-74. The purpose of this article is to describe injury risk and prevention strategies across the developmental stages of childhood and adolescence and associated social contexts. Viewing injury prevention from this perspective suggests that developmentally appropriate interventions conducted over several stages may be more likely to motivate and sustain injury prevention behaviour change across a lifetime than a single intervention or a single policy change. This article summarizes the global burden of musculoskeletal injuries and provides several examples of successful programs that have improved care of injuries in health facilities in low- and middleincome countries. It discusses WHO efforts to build on the country experiences and to make progress in lowering the burden of musculoskeletal injuries globally. This article reviews ways in which the toll from injury can be lowered through the spectrum of injury control, including surveillance, prevention, and trauma care. There is room for improvement in the application of scientifically based, proved interventions at all points in the spectrum in all countries. The greatest attention is needed in lowand middle-income countries, however, where most of the world's people live, where injury rates are higher, and where few injury control activities have yet been undertaken. The authors review measures that would strengthen existing efforts to prevent and treat injuries worldwide. There is a need to strengthen the capacity of national institutions to do research on injury control; to design and implement countermeasures that address injury risk factors and deficiencies in injury treatment; and to assess the effectiveness of such countermeasures. Although much work remains to be done in high-income countries, even greater attention is needed in less-developed countries, where injury rates are higher, few injury control activities have been undertaken, and where most of the world's population lives. In almost all areas, injury rates are especially high in the most vulnerable sections of the community, including those of low socioeconomic status. This study’s objective was to gain a better understanding of the community based model for injury prevention. The study was performed as a structured review of existing evaluations of injury prevention programs that employed multiple strategies to target different age groups, environments, and situations. The results of this study suggested that there are complex relationships between the outcome and the context, structure, and process of community-wide
Page 1 and 2: Major Health Issues in Nova Scotia:
Page 3 and 4: Health Status Over 5000 Nova Scotia
Page 5 and 6: There appears to be a lack of integ
Page 7 and 8: Introduction The NSHRF is updating
Page 9 and 10: Methods To identify current major h
Page 11 and 12: Current Major Health Issues in Nova
Page 13 and 14: Modifiable Risk Factors for Chronic
Page 15 and 16: improve the incomes of low-income p
Page 17 and 18: Summary of Major Health Issues Base
Page 19 and 20: There does not appear to be a lot o
Page 21 and 22: Appendices
Page 23 and 24: yielded 1 result. In Bandolier, no
Page 25 and 26: Appendix 2: Inventories of Current
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