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Point Out Art & Culture Madhubani paintings- Stand the test of time It is believed that Madhubani art originated since the times of Ramayana. In the scriptures King Janak had called artists to record the paintings of the marriage of his daughter Sita that eventually gave rise to this style of painting. »» Aarti Rural art forms have survived the onslaught of cultural invasion and influence of Western culture. They have come out stronger and intrigued art lovers across the globe. Madhubani painting is among the famous art forms which has traversed geographical boundaries and is known for its richness and uniqueness. Having its roots in Maithili village of Bihar, Madhubani paintings has over the years spread out. What started as an expression traditionally by women folk in the village, Madhubani paintings success has forced men to take up the art. Today, as the name Madhubani suggests – honey- it is much adored by art lovers and more and more people are encouraged to take up this art form. Madhubani paintings or prints have made their way into the modern lifestyles not only as canvas but on sarees, salwar suits, bed-sheets, and what not. The twodimensional linear works normally have sacred and secular themes. It is believed that Madhubani art originated since the times of Ramayana. In the scriptures King Janak had called 60 <strong>MARCH</strong> 2014
artists to record the paintings of the marriage of his daughter Sita that eventually gave rise to this style of painting. Traditionally during any festival of ceremonial occasion, the women would paint the walls of the houses and huts with these paintings. The beautifully painted colorful walls were indicative of some sacred ceremony, festive season or good times and important occasions. They have wide-ranging themes including scenes from Hindu mythology that still rule these paintings. Amongst the most commonly executed themes in the Madhubani paintings are the events from Ramayana and life of Krishna. Other deities as well reappear in the paintings repeatedly. The Ardhanariswar is an area of expertise of Mithila paintings of India. Madhubani paintings of India also esteem the sun and moon and treat them as subjects of holiness. Often, scenes of rural life are also depicted in these paintings. Women indulged in various village activities Traditionally during any festival of ceremonial occasion, the women would paint the walls of the houses and huts with these paintings. The beautifully painted colorful walls were indicative of some sacred ceremony, festive season or good times and important occasions. such as carrying baskets on their heads, drawing water from a well, or a village hobo playing a flute are general themes of these types. A number of symbolic paintings also flourish, the tree telling life and vivacity and the fish symptomatic of fertility are the most common symbols of Madhubani art. The women don’t use camel hair brushes to create their works of art, but use only plain, slatted bamboo sticks with wads of cotton to apply the paint. “The colours are made from vegetable dyes or are of natural origin and are prepared by the women themselves. Black is made by mixing soot with cow dung, yellow from turmeric, blue from indigo, red from red sandalwood, green from leaves and white from rice paste. The black outlines are drawn first and then the colour is filled into the spaces. It is said during 1966-68, a prolonged drought struck Madhubani and the neighboring region of Mithila. A new source of non-agricultural income had to be found to keep these people away from the pangs of hunger. The All India Handicrafts Board encouraged the women artists to create their paintings on handmade paper for commercial purposes. For the market, the work is done on handmade paper or cloth treated with cow dung to give it its distinctive look and identity. 61
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