jewish cemeteries, synagogues, and mass grave sites in ukraine

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TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS..................................................................................................................i EXPLANATORY NOTES ................................................................................................................iii MAP OF UKRAINE AND OBLASTS (R EGIONS)..............................................................................iv I. INTRODUCTION: ......................................................................................................1 I.1 About the Survey..............................................................................................1 I.2 Recent and Current Efforts to Document Jewish Sites............................... 2 I.3 Survey Rationale & Methodology ..................................................................4 II. OVERVIEW: JEWISH HERITAGE IN UKRAINE.............................................13 II.1 Pre-Communist ..............................................................................................13 II.2 First Independent Communist Periods (1917-1939)...................................16 II.3 Holocaust (1939-1945) ...................................................................................17 II.4 Soviet Era, Post-Holocaust (1945-1990).......................................................17 II.5 Modern Era (1990-2003) ...............................................................................18 III. JEWISH SITES IN UKRAINE ................................................................................21 III.1 A Legacy of Synagogues and Cemeteries.....................................................21 III.2 Synagogues and Other Religious Buildings.................................................27 III.3 Other Jewish Communal and Cultural Sites...............................................29 III.4 Jewish Cemeteries in Ukraine.......................................................................31 III.4 (a) History and Description of Jewish Cemeteries .........................31 III.4 (b) Types of Gravestones and Other Cemetery Features...............34 IV. PRESERVATION EFFORTS AND ISSUES ..........................................................37 IV.1 The Fate of Jewish Monuments in the Holocaust (1939-1945)..................37 IV.2 Ukrainian Jewish Sites Under Communism................................................38 IV.3 The Care for Jewish Sites in Independent Ukraine ....................................42 IV.3 (a) Cemeteries.....................................................................................42 IV.3 (b) Legal and Political Initiatives for Cemetery Preservation............46 IV.3 (c) Cemetery Preservation Challenges..............................................48 IV.4 Holocaust Execution and Mass Burial Sites................................................53 IV.5 Synagogues......................................................................................................62 V. AUDIENCE ................................................................................................................68 V.1 The Return Home...........................................................................................68 V.2 Pilgrimage Sites..............................................................................................70 VI. ISSUES FOR CONSIDERATION ...........................................................................74 APPENDIX I: APPENDIX II: SITES SURVEYED, LISTED ALPHABETICALLY................................................79 SYNAGOGUES AND FORMER SYNAGOGUES IN UKRAINE................................87 APPENDIX III: CEMETERIES AND SELECTED CONDITION INFORMATION .............................97 APPENDIX IV: MASS GRAVE SITES .......................................................................................133 APPENDIX V: PARTIAL LIST OF HOLOCAUST M EMORIALS IN UKRAINE...........................143
APPENDIX VI: LIST OF USEFUL CONTACT ORGANIZATIONS, INSTITUTIONS AND INDIVIDUALS .................................................................................................147 APPENDIX VII: THE SURVEY FORM......................................................................................162 APPENDIX VIII: U.S. - UKRAINE CULTURAL HERITAGE AGREEMENT .................................175 APPENDIX IX: LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS...............................................................................178
Page 1 and 2: JEWISH CEMETERIES, SYNAGOGUES, AND
Page 3: May 30, 2005 Message from the Chair
Page 7 and 8: Additional thanks go to many indivi
Page 9 and 10: Map of Ukraine and Oblasts (Regions
Page 11 and 12: The condition of the sites surveyed
Page 13 and 14: More localized efforts have also ar
Page 15 and 16: Fig. 1. Kamjanka-Buzka (Lvivska obl
Page 17 and 18: Fig. 4. Busk (Lvivska oblast), Ukra
Page 19 and 20: Fig. 8. Brody (Lvivska oblast), Ukr
Page 21 and 22: Fig. 12. Sadhora (Chernivetska obla
Page 23 and 24: (Lviv square). Unfortunately, there
Page 25 and 26: Many of the most important Jewish t
Page 27 and 28: communal property, the elimination
Page 29 and 30: Fig. 14. Lviv (Lvivska oblast), Ukr
Page 31 and 32: looking to restore historic synagog
Page 33 and 34: Of great concern is the continuing
Page 35 and 36: Fig. 18. Lviv (Lvivska), Ukraine. N
Page 37 and 38: The wooden synagogues of Poland (in
Page 39 and 40: Fig. 20. Ostroh (Rivnenska oblast),
Page 41 and 42: inadvertent defilement of some reli
Page 43 and 44: III.4 (b) Types of Gravestones and
Page 45 and 46: Fig. 22. Zinkiv (Khmelnytska oblast
Page 47 and 48: IV.2 Ukrainian Jewish Sites Under C
Page 49 and 50: Fig. 26. Rava-Ruska (Lvivska oblast
Page 51 and 52: cemetery sites. Thus, many Jewish c
Page 53 and 54: Fig. 28. Lutsk (Volynska oblast), U
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IV.3 (b) Legal and Political Initia
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cooperation with the Kalusher Socie
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‣ Cemeteries with no in situ grav
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Fig. 34. Belz (Lvivska oblast), Ukr
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Commission, which raised half of th
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Fig. 36. Babyn Yar (Kyivska oblast)
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neither has been vandalized. At eac
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Fig. 38. Babyn Yar (Kyivska oblast)
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IV.5 Synagogues Since the end of Co
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In 1926, the Soviet authorities clo
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Fig. 42. Zhovkva (Lvivska oblast),
Page 77 and 78:
V. AUDIENCE V.1 The Return Home Who
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Such a peaceful, beautiful place! T
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Fig. 45. Medzhybizh (Khmelnytska ob
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VI. ISSUES FOR CONSIDERATION 72 As
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The example of the Czech Republic i
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Fig. 49. Berdychiv (Zhytomyrska obl
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D Danylovo (Zakarpatska) Dashiv (Vi
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Medzhybizh (Khmelnytska) Meleny (Zh
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Storozhynets (Chernivetska) Strusiv
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Zinkiv (Poltavska) Znamianka (Kirov
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Oblast (Region) Town Name of Synago
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Commission Survey Number Oblast (Re
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Kamin Kashyrskyj (Volynska ). Black
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Starokostiantyniv (Khmelnytska). La
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Association of Jewish Organizations
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ARCHIVES, LIBRARIES, MUSEUMS, AND O
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Bershad Address: Jakira Str. 4-47 2
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Iziaslav Address: Nezalezhnosti Str
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Kremenchuk Address: Kvartalna Str.
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Pavlovhrad Address: Poltavska Str.
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Svitlovodsk Address: V. Bojka 10 27
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Appendix VII: The Survey Form Surve
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I. The Town: Present Circumstances
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IV. Location, Markers, Access, Secu
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40. Approximate percentage of survi
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50. Inscriptions on tombstones are
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60. What care has been taken of the
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XI. Survey Background 74. Name, add
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3. Each Party will ensure that ther
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Appendix IX: List of Illustrations
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34. Belz (Lvivska oblast), Ukraine.
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jewish cemeteries, synagogues, and mass grave sites in ukraine

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