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ALTERNATIVE SCIENCE<br />

• BY ROBERT M. SCHOCH, Ph.D.<br />

Imagine this: Aerial bombardments<br />

raining down havoc on humans and<br />

beasts alike, setting wildfires and incinerating<br />

everything that is flammable. The<br />

intense heat is great enough in some cases to<br />

literally melt surface rocks which, once they<br />

cool, form a crude vesicular glass in a process<br />

known as vitrification. Elevated radiation levels<br />

are so high that a few day’s exposure is lethal.<br />

The only realistic safe haven, the only place to<br />

flee, is deep underground in an intricate maze<br />

of subterranean passageways and rooms.<br />

Perhaps this sounds like a scene out of a<br />

Cold War scenario where something went terribly<br />

wrong, resulting in a nuclear attack. However,<br />

this is not fantasy, but a realistic account<br />

of what may have occurred thousands of years<br />

ago. To piece together precisely the history of<br />

the remote past, we need to examine multiple<br />

lines of evidence around the world. One key<br />

piece of the puzzle is found in central Turkey,<br />

in the region known as Cappadocia.<br />

Having just returned from leading an archaeological<br />

tour to Turkey (June 2012), which<br />

included several days in Cappadocia, I can report<br />

that this is a strange and hauntingly beautiful<br />

land. Formed of volcanic rocks (tuffs or<br />

tufa) spewed out millions of years ago by local<br />

volcanoes, the terrain has eroded into an incredible<br />

topography consisting of steep valleys,<br />

ridges, and odd formations including columns<br />

often topped with harder rock, known colloquially<br />

as “fairy chimneys.” <strong>What</strong> is more, the volcanic<br />

tuffs are relatively easily dug into, carved,<br />

and excavated; this has served the people of the<br />

region well—and I believe has saved many a life<br />

when catastrophe hit. It can be argued that this<br />

was one of the outposts or refuges that allowed<br />

humanity to survive and reemerge, literally,<br />

from below the ground. For in Cappadocia are<br />

found not just dwellings and churches carved<br />

into the sides of hills and rock cliffs, but entire<br />

ancient underground cities.<br />

Over 200 underground cities are reported in<br />

Cappadocia; most have not been adequately explored,<br />

and it seems certain that many more<br />

wait to be discovered. Two of the best known<br />

are Kaymakli and Derinkuyu, portions of which<br />

are open to the public. To this day nobody<br />

really knows the true extent of these or other<br />

underground cities of the area, but they were<br />

substantial. Kaymakli consists of at least eight<br />

floors or underground stories (only four of<br />

which are currently accessible), each extending<br />

in a labyrinthine manner over a vast area. The<br />

city may have supported a population of 3000<br />

to 4000 people plus farm animals and supplies,<br />

all housed underground. Derinkuyu, with an estimated<br />

20 floors and extending an estimated<br />

85 meters (280 feet) below the surface, may<br />

Continued on Page 60<br />

24 ATLANTIS ATLANTIS RISING RISING • Number 95<br />

Rock formations known as “fairy chimneys,” Cappadocia. (Photos by Robert Schoch)<br />

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Did Did These These Long Long Forgotten Forgotten Passages Passages Host Host<br />

Survivors Survivors of of a a Concluding Concluding Ice Ice Age? Age?<br />

Room in Kaymakli.<br />

Narrow<br />

passageway in the<br />

underground city of<br />

Kaymakli<br />

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Interior area in Kaymakli.

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