Fall/Winter 2006 - University of Toronto Press Publishing

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L I T E R A R Y S T U D I E S Hopkins’s Poetics of Speech Sound Sprung Rhythm, Lettering, Inscape Loving in Verse Poetic Influence as Erotic Stephen Guy-Bray James I. Wimsatt Although virtually unknown in his lifetime, Gerard Manley Hopkins (1844–1889) is counted today among the great nineteenth-century poets. His poetry was collected and published posthumously by his friend Robert Bridges in 1917, and subsequently Hopkins’s reputation flowered, though more as a modern writer than as Victorian, and very little as a poetic theorist. Yet the body of Hopkins’s critical writing reveals sharp insight into the subject of poetics, and presents an innovative theory that locates primary poetic meaning in ‘figures of speech sound.’ These ‘figures of speech sound’ provide the focus for James I. Wimsatt’s erudite and original study. Drawing from Hopkins’s diaries, letters, student essays, and correspondence with poet-friends, Wimsatt illuminates Hopkins’s theory that the sound of poetic language carries an emotional, not merely logical and grammatical, meaning. Wimsatt concentrates his study on Hopkins’s writings about ‘sprung rhythm,’ ‘lettering,’ and ‘inscape,’ – his coinages – and makes abundant reference to Hopkins’s verse, showing how it exemplifies his language theory. A well-researched and highly detailed book, Hopkins’s Poetics of Speech Sound asserts major significance for a relatively neglected aspect of this important poet’s writings. James I. Wimsatt is a professor emeritus in the Department of English at the University of Texas at Austin. The current critical tendency in the study of Renaissance literature is to regard the relationship between a poet and his predecessor as either familial or antagonistic. Stephen Guy-Bray argues that neither of these models can be applied to all poetic relationships and that, in fact, the romantic and even sexual nature of some relationships must be considered. Loving in Verse examines how three poets present their relationship to their most important predecessors, beginning with Dante’s use of Virgil and Statius in the Divine Comedy, moving on to Spenser’s use of medieval English poets in the Faerie Queene, and finally addressing Hart Crane’s use of Whitman in The Bridge. In each case, Guy-Bray shows how the younger poet presents himself and the older poet as part of a male couple. He goes on to demonstrate how male couples are, in fact, found throughout these poems, and while some are indeed familial or hostile, many are romantic or sexual. Using concepts from queer theory and close readings of images and allusions in these texts, Loving in Verse demonstrates the importance of homoeroticism to an examination of poetic influence. A discussion of the theories of poetic influence from four twentieth-century writers (T.S. Eliot, Harold Bloom, Roland Barthes, and Frank O’Hara) concludes Guy-Bray’s analysis. Stephen Guy-Bray is an associate professor in the Department of English at the University of British Columbia. Approx. 192 pp / 6 x 9 / November 2006 Cloth ISBN 0-8020-9154-7 / 978-0-8020-9154-3 £28.00 $45.00 E Approx. 184 pp / 6 x 9 / December 2006 Cloth ISBN 0-8020-9203-9 / 978-0-8020-9203-8 £28.00 $45.00 E 34
M E D I E VA L & R E N A I S S A N C E S T U D I E S Sexual Hierarchies, Public Status Men, Sodomy, and Society in Spain’s Golden Age Cristian Berco Despite the increasing popularity of queer scholarship, no major work in English thus far has explored the evidence of male homosexual behaviour found in the inquisitorial court records of early modern Spain. This absence seems all the more glaring considering the wealth of available archival material. Sexual Hierarchies, Public Status aims to fill this gap by comprehensively examining the Aragonese Inquisition’s sodomy trials. Using court records, Cristian Berco provides an analysis of male sexuality and its connection to public social structures and processes. His study illustrates how male homosexual behaviour existed within a widespread gendered system that extolled the penetrative act as the masculine pursuit of an emasculated passive partner. This sexual hierarchy based on masculinity constantly intersected in a potentially subversive manner with notions of public hierarchy and posed a threat to local sexual economies. Yet, Berco demonstrates how the views of private denouncers and magistrates in the sodomy trials produced divergent sexual economies that rendered persecution unstable and diffuse. By focusing on how hierarchies were created both within sexual relationships and in the public eye, this investigation traces the significance of homosexual desire in the context of daily social relations informed by status, ethnic, religious, and national differences. Cristian Berco is an assistant professor in the Department of History at Bishop’s University. Of related interest: Holiness and Masculinity in Medieval Europe Edited by Patricia Cullum and Katherine J. Lewis 0-8020-4892-7 / 978-0-8020- 4892-9 $27.50 / 2005 North American Rights Only Sex Crimes, Honour, and the Law in Early Modern Spain Vizcaya, 1528-1735 Renato Barahona 0-8020-3694-5 / 978-0-8020-3694-0 £32.00 / $63.00 / 2003 Approx. 248 pp / 6 x 9 / January 2007 Cloth ISBN 0-8020-9139-3 / 978-08020-9139-0 £32.00 $55.00 E Court Costume of Spanish noblemen. Veccilio's Renaissance Costume Book, 247. 35
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