sample preparation - Harvard Apparatus UK

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individual atoms Carbon Atoms Carbon Atoms Covalent Radii, Å Bond van der Atom Species Order # Arrangement Color Bond Angle Waals Radii, Å Single Bond Double Bond Triple Bond C-Tetrahedral SP1 67-6577 Black 109°30' – 0.77 – – C C-Ethylenic SP1 67-6585 Black 125°15' 1.60 0.73 0.67 – Double Bond C 109°30' C-Acetylenic SP1 67-6593 Black 180° 1.60 0.70 – 0.60 Triple Bond C C-Aromatic-6 SP1 67-6569 Black 120° 1.70 0.73 0.69 – C (partial) C-Aromatic-5 SP1 67-6551 Black 108° 1.70 0.73 0.68 – C 126° (partial) C-Fused SP1 67-6619 Black 120° 120° 1.70 0.69 – – 6-6 Rings C C 120° 120° 1.70 C-Fused SP1 67-6600 Black 108° 108° 1.70 – – – 5-5 Rings C C 108° 108° 1.70 C-Fused SP1 67-6601 Black 120° 108° 1.70 – – – 6-5 Rings C C 120° 108° 1.70 C-Tetrahedral-4 SP1 67-6528 Black 114° 112° 1.25 0.76 – – C 114° 88° 0.77 C-Trigonal-4 SP1 67-6544 Black 134° 92° 1.48 0.73 0.65 – 134° 0.73 C C-Amide SP1 67-6536 Black 115° 125° 1.50 0.72 0.67 – C 120° 0.75 Carbon, Tetrahedral Connector sockets triple-notched for simulation of restricted rotational potential. For special connector link, see SP1 67-7047 Connector Link, Carbon on page 70. Covalent radius 0.77Å; bond angle 109°30'. Black. single bond. Black. Carbon, Acetylenic Triple Bond Covalent radius 0.60Å along triple bond; this face marked ‘C∫’; second socket notched to accept restricted rotation connectors. Covalent radius 0.70Å along Order # SP1 67-6577 Product Carbon, Tetrahedral Order # SP1 67-6593 Product Carbon, Acetylenic Triple Bond Carbon, Ethylenic Double Bond Covalent radius 0.67Å along the double bond; this face marked ‘C=’ and connector socket is notched to accept restricted rotation connectors; covalent radius 0.73Å along single bonds; bond angle 125°15' between the double and single bonds; bond angle 109°30' between single bonds. Black. Carbon, Aromatic-6 For constructing six-membered rings such as SP1 67-8250 Benzene, SP1 67-8255 Pyridine and SP1 67-8263 Pyrimidine. Covalent radius 0.69Å within ring and covalent radius 0.73Å to single atoms outside ring; symbol ‘6’ stamped on one inner face. Partial double bond sockets are notched to accept restricted rotation connectors. Black. Order # SP1 67-6585 Product Carbon, Ethylenic Double Bond Order # SP1 67-6569 Product Carbon, Aromatic-6 62 www.harvardapparatus.com phone 508.893.8999 • toll free U.S. 800.272.2775 • fax 508.429.5732
individual atoms Carbon Atoms (continued) Carbon, Special for Fused 6-6 Rings A special double-atom unit representing the carbons common to fused 6-membered unsaturated rings, e.g., SP1 67-8252 Anthracene, SP1 67-8253 Phenanthrene, SP1 67-8251 Naphthalene. The unit is stamped ‘6-6’ for identification. Covalent radius 0.69Å with a bond angle of 120°. Black. Order # Product SP1 67-6619 Carbon, Special for Fused 6-6 Rings Carbon, Special for Fused 5-5 Rings A special double-atom unit representing carbon atoms common to both rings. The 108° face bonds in the two five-member rings, e.g. pentalenes. Black. Order # SP1 67-6600 Carbon, Aromatic-5 For constructing unsaturated five-member rings such as SP1 67-8266 Imidazole, SP1 67-8272 Pyrazole, and C-8 carbon in SP1 67-8262 Purine. Covalent radius 0.68Å to atoms within ring and covalent radius 0.73Å to atoms outside ring; bond angle 108° between atoms within ring and 126° between single-bonded atom outside ring and double-bonded ring atoms; symbol ‘5’ stamped on one inner face. Partial double bond sockets notched to accept restricted rotation connectors. Black. Same as SP1 67-6825 Nitrogen, Aromatic-5, listed on page 66 except for color. Order # SP1 67-6551 Product Carbon, Aromatic-5 Product Carbon, Special for Fused 5-5 Rings Carbon, Tetrahedral-4 For constructing four-membered ring structures such as beta-lactams or SP1 67-0400 Cyclobutane. Covalent radii 0.77Å to atoms within the ring and 0.76Å to atoms outside the ring. Each face of the atom is marked with the appropriate covalent radius. Intraring bond angle is 88°. Black. Order # Product SP1 67-6528 Carbon, Tetrahedral-4 Carbon, Trigonal-4 For constructing four-membered rings. Intraring covalent radii 0.73Å stamped on one face. A permanent connector molded into the other intraring surface provides the same bond length as the SP1 67-7005 Connector Link, Standard, see page 70. Exocyclic face is stamped with the covalent radius 0.65Å. Angle between two intraring bond axes is 92°; bond angle 134° between the intraring bond axis and the axis of the atom outside the ring. Black. Order # SP1 67-6544 Product Carbon, Trigonal-4 Carbon, Amide Covalent radii stamped on each face of this atom as follows: 0.72Å to amide nitrogen, 0.67Å to oxygen, 0.75Å to chain carbon; bond angle 115° between amide nitrogen and chain carbon; bond angle 120° between oxygen and chain carbon; bond angle 125° between oxygen and amide nitrogen; also used for general planar carbon, e.g., carboxylate carbon. Sockets notched to accept restricted rotation connectors. Black. Order # SP1 67-6536 Product Carbon, Amide Carbon, Special for Fused 6-5 Rings A special double-atom unit representing the carbons common to both rings. The 120° face bonds in the six-member ring; the 108° face bonds in the five-member ring, e.g., SP1 67-8262 Purine and SP1 67-8291 Indole. Black. Order # SP1 67-6601 Product Carbon, Special for Fused 5-6 Rings www.harvardapparatus.com phone 508.893.8999 • toll free U.S. 800.272.2775 • fax 508.429.5732 63
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2010/11 molecular Sample Preparatio
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introduction The Sample Preparation
Page 5 and 6:
sample preparation Technology Selec
Page 7 and 8:
Guide to Sample Preparation Product
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Guide to Sample Preparation Product
Page 11 and 12: sample preparation Sample Prep Pipe
Page 13 and 14: sample preparation PrepTip Desired
Page 15 and 16: sample preparation ProTip • Fast
Page 17 and 18: sample preparation Family of Tipcol
Page 19 and 20: sample preparation SpinColumns Sin
Page 21 and 22: sample preparation SpinColumns •
Page 23 and 24: Membrane-Bottom Filter Plates Sampl
Page 25 and 26: sample preparation Introduction to
Page 27 and 28: DIALYZER (Reusable) (continued) sa
Page 29 and 30: sample preparation Ultra-Fast DIALY
Page 31 and 32: sample preparation SpinDIALYZER &
Page 33 and 34: sample preparation Flow-Thru DIALYZ
Page 35 and 36: sample preparation Ultra-Micro Disp
Page 37 and 38: sample preparation Fast Macro Dispo
Page 39 and 40: sample preparation Liposome Prepara
Page 41 and 42: sample preparation CoZap CoZap Pads
Page 43 and 44: sample preparation ElectroPrep Sys
Page 45 and 46: ElectroPrep System (continued) sam
Page 47 and 48: sample preparation Fast Flow-Thru D
Page 49 and 50: Introduction to Equilibrium Dialysi
Page 51 and 52: sample preparation Fast Micro-Equil
Page 53 and 54: sample preparation DispoEquilibrium
Page 55 and 56: CPK ® atomic models Harvard Appara
Page 57 and 58: CPK ® atomic models Guide to CPK
Page 59 and 60: CPK ® sets CPK ® Atomic Model Set
Page 61: Summary of Unassembled Models, Comp
Page 65 and 66: individual atoms Halogen Atoms Halo
Page 67 and 68: individual atoms Nitrogen Atoms (co
Page 69 and 70: Phosphorus, Sulfur and Metal Atoms
Page 71 and 72: accessories Accessories & Tools Ord
Page 73 and 74: Research and Teaching Sets (continu
Page 75 and 76: Assembled Nucleic Acid Components n
Page 77 and 78: nucleic acid components Unassembled
Page 79 and 80: Assembled Amino Acid Models individ
Page 81 and 82: assembled models Fully Assembled Mo
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