Risk Analysis of Sea Traffic in the Area around Bornholm, 2008. - VTT

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Risk Analysis for Sea Traffic in the Area around Bornholm 20 4.5.1 Parallel collision frequency When two ships collide while sailing on the same route, this is referred to as parallel collision. There are two basic cases: • Head-on collisions between two ships heading in opposed directions • Overtaking collisions between two ships heading in the same direction These two cases are illustrated in Figure 8. V2, L2, B2 µ, σ V2, L2, B2 µ, σ µ, σ µ, σ V 1, L 1, B 1 V 1, L 1, B 1 Route length, L Route length, L Figure 8 Head-on and overtaking collisions Parallel collision frequencies depend on • the length of the route segment • the traffic intensity in each of the two directions • width and speed of the ships • the deviation of the ships from the route axis • causation probability P C , i.e. the probability that none of the ships bound for collision undertakes successful evasive action. The ship and traffic data described earlier in this chapter provide this kind of information. P:\65775A\3_Pdoc\DOC\P-65775A main report final corr prepared for PDF.DOC .
Risk Analysis for Sea Traffic in the Area around Bornholm 21 4.5.2 Crossing collision frequency Any ship-ship collision that does not involve two ships sailing on the same route is classified as crossing collision. In a first step, it has to be clarified, whether two ships can theoretically collide. This is only the case, if their traces intersect. Essentially, there are two basic kinds of crossings: X-crossings (full intersection) and Y-crossings (merging traffic): Figure 9 X-type crossing Figure 10 Y-type crossing with and without intersection For X-crossings, basic prerequisite for collision is given in every single crossing event. For Y-crossings, this applies only to one out of two crossing events on average. All other, more complex crossing types, such as two-lane Y-crossings or roundabouts can be modelled as an array of several X- and Y-crossings (see Appendix A). On this basis, collision frequency is calculated based on P:\65775A\3_Pdoc\DOC\P-65775A main report final corr prepared for PDF.DOC .
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Sejladssikkerheden omkring Bornholm
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Risk Analysis of Sea Traffic in the Area around Bornholm, 2008. - VTT

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