Etude et impact du bruit de fond corrÃ©lÃ© pour la mesure de l'angle ...

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168 LIST OF FIGURES 2.12 Summary of current knowledge on neutrino oscillation in m 2 tan 2 ✓. PDG 2011 update [41]. Does not contain yet 2012 results on ✓ 13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 2.13 The normal and inverted neutrino mass hierarchy. The di↵erent colours show the weights of the flavour mixing for a given mass eigenstate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 tel-00821629, version 1 - 11 May 2013 3.1 The ¯⌫ e survival probability as a function of the parameter L/E, L and E separately, given fixed values of the other parameters. The blue curve corresponds to m 2 23 =2.5 ⇥ 10 3 eV 2 and the pink curve corresponds to m 2 23 =2.0 ⇥ 10 3 eV 2 . For both cases, m 2 21 =7.2 ⇥ 10 5 eV 2 , cos ✓ 12 = 0.8 and ⇠ ✓ 13 =0.23 were used. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 3.2 Aerial view of the experimental site. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 3.3 The DC FD design. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 3.4 View of the Inner Detector. From inside to outside, the target, gamma-catcher and bu↵er volume equipped with 390 PMTs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 3.5 View of the Inner Veto. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 3.6 View of the Outer Veto. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 3.7 Schema of the FD read out chain and DAQ system. . . . . . 50 3.8 ID (left) and IV (right) PMTs single photoelectron response in arbitrary units of charge. The baseline has been subtracted for the ID PMTs response while it has not been subtracted for the IV PMTs response. The ID PMTs have a quantised SPE response which follow a Poisson statistics. The IV PMTs have an exponential SPE response described by a more complicated statistics, which makes the energy calibration of the IV more complicated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 3.9 Schema of the FD online system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 3.10 Schema of the DataMigro flag-driven logic . . . . . . . . . . . 55 3.11 Schema of the tasks performed by DataMigro . . . . . . . . . 56 3.12 Data-stream monitoring informations. Left: binary files transfer rate as a function of the day. Right: Schema of the datastream monitoring. Bottom: data-stream monitoring web page. 57 3.13 Rate of SPE pulses (roughly defined as waveform peak between 3 and 10 ADC counts) as function of the ID PMT number. This monitoring unit allows to identify noisy channel which presents SPE pulse rate higher than the average. . 58
LIST OF FIGURES 169 tel-00821629, version 1 - 11 May 2013 3.14 FADC baseline mean position (left) and RMS (right) as function of the PMT number. ID PMT are identified by PMT number smaller that 390 while IV PMT by number bigger than 390. This monitoring unit allows to identify abnormal channels through the position and the fluctuation of the FADC baseline. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 3.15 Schematic view of a PWR nuclear plant. . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 3.16 Chooz reactors thermal power, from EDF measurements, as function of the day, since the FD data taking has started. The observed variation of the thermal power reflect the status of the operation of the reactors. Single reactor o↵ periods (i.e. thermal power drop to zero) of few days are also visible. . . . 62 3.17 Reference ¯⌫ e spectra from [65, 75] and related uncertainties. . 64 3.18 Fission rates as function of the day since start of data taking, as obtained by the simulation of the reactor evolution. The decrease of the U isotopes and the increase of the Pu isotopes reflect the evolution of the reactor fuel, which burn U isotopes creating Pu isotopes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 3.19 Breakdown of simulation uncertainties on the 235 U fission rate, as obtained by varying di↵erent input parameters of the simulation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 3.20 Breakdown of uncertainties on the reactor ¯⌫ e rate prediction from Eq. 3.3. The main contribution to the total uncertainty comes from the normalisation of the mean cross section per fission to the Bugey4 measurement, of about 1.4 %. Nevertheless, the use of the Bugey4 measurement as anchor point reduce the overall systematics from 2.7 %to1.7 %. . . . . . . 67 3.21 Schema of the DC reconstruction strategy. Both data and MC follows the same reconstruction process, performed at CCIN2P3 by the Common Trunk. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 3.22 Schema of the reconstructed pulse timing characteristics . . . 71 3.23 Scintillator time response obtained from the PMT pulse start time, corrected by the time of flight of the light between the interaction vertex and the PMT itself. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 3.24 Linear PE calibration for one channel. The dashed line shows the constant component of the gain in the multi-PE charge equivalent region (> 200 a.u.). The calibration utilises a linear approximation in the SPE charge equivalent region (< 200 a.u.) to describe non-linearity. at low charges. . . . . 75 3.25 Detector calibration map as sampled with spallation neutrons captured on H across the ID. The Colour shows energy correction factors distributed as a function of reconstructed vertex. A similar map is constructed to calibrate the MC energy. . . 75
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UNIVERSITÉ DENANTES FACULTÉ DES S
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tel-00821629, version 1 - 11 May 20
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Abstract tel-00821629, version 1 -
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Acknowledgments Since so many peopl
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Contents 1 Introduction 13 tel-0082
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CONTENTS 11 tel-00821629, version 1
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Chapter 1 Introduction tel-00821629
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15 tel-00821629, version 1 - 11 May
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Chapter 2 Neutrino physics tel-0082
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2.2 Neutrino history in brief 19 ma
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2.3 Neutrino oscillation, the theor
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2.4 Measuring neutrino oscillation
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3-flavour oscillations The dominant
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After the Sun, the other main natur
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2.5 The problem with the neutrino m
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2.6 Summary and open questions 37 s
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In the next future, reactor experim
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Chapter 3 The Double Chooz experime
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3.1 The Double Chooz detector 43 to
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3.1 The Double Chooz detector 45 te
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3.1 The Double Chooz detector 47 it
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3.1 The Double Chooz detector 49 te
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3.2 The detector read-out 51 40 m o
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3.3 The online system 53 IV trigger
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3.3 The online system 55 tions as s
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3.3 The online system 57 tel-008216
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3.4 The calibration system 59 tel-0
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loosing their kinetic energy 3 and
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3.5 Reactor neutrino flux simulatio
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3.8 Data reconstruction 69 A dedica
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Regarding the pulse information, th
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3.8 Data reconstruction 73 tel-0082
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3.8 Data reconstruction 75 Gain (ch
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3.9 Conclusions 77 tel-00821629, ve
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Chapter 4 Measurement of ✓ 13 wit
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4.1 Data sample 81 create a signal
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4.2 ¯⌫ e signal selection 83 Liv
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4.2 ¯⌫ e signal selection 85 Pro
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4.2 ¯⌫ e signal selection 87 Neu
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4.3 Backgrounds 89 energy spectrum
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4.3 Backgrounds 91 tel-00821629, ve
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4.4 Selection e ciencies and system
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4$&14+#':"'$"$468'#21%$;' ! $"$468'
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4.4 Selection ! e ciencies and syst
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4.5 Data analysis summary 99 4.4.3
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4.6 Final fit and measurement of
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4.6 Final fit and measurement of
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4.7 Summary and Conclusions 105 tel
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Chapter 5 Correlated background tel
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5.1 Measuring correlated background
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5.2 High energy analysis 111 in a l
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5.2 High energy analysis 113 tel-00
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5.3 OV Tag analysis 115 The t cut v
Page 117 and 118: 5.4 Fast Neutrons analysis 117 bigg
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Page 125 and 126: 5.4 Fast Neutrons analysis 125 Corr
Page 129 and 130: 5.4 Fast Neutrons analysis 129 Prom
Page 131 and 132: 5.4 Fast Neutrons analysis 131 lect
Page 133 and 134: 5.4 Fast Neutrons analysis 133 mari
Page 139 and 140: 5.5 Stopping Muon analysis 139 5.5.
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Page 145 and 146: 5.5 Stopping Muon analysis 145 Sour
Page 147 and 148: 5.5 Stopping Muon analysis 147 belo
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Page 151 and 152: 5.6 Estimation of correlated backgr
Page 157 and 158: 5.7 Conclusion 157 5.7 Conclusion t
Page 159 and 160: Chapter 6 Conclusions tel-00821629,
Page 161 and 162: 161 • The SM analysis could be im
Page 163 and 164: Chapter 7 Contributions to Double C
Page 165 and 166: 165 from this study and from [64] f
Page 167: List of Figures tel-00821629, versi
Page 171 and 172: LIST OF FIGURES 171 tel-00821629, v
Page 179 and 180: List of Tables 3.1 Mean energy rele
Page 181 and 182: Bibliography [1] [2] tel-00821629,
Page 183 and 184: BIBLIOGRAPHY 183 [31] J.K. Ahn et a
Page 185 and 186: BIBLIOGRAPHY 185 [61] W. Hampel et
Page 187: BIBLIOGRAPHY 187 [92] A. Stueken et
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Etude et impact du bruit de fond corrÃ©lÃ© pour la mesure de l'angle ...

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