The Evaluation of 'Behavioural Additionality' - IWT

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CONTENTS
FOREWORD 5
CHAPTER 1: EVALUATION OF BEHAVIOURAL ADDITIONALITY. CONCEPT PAPER 7
1. Introduction 7
2. Definition of Behavioural Additionality 7
3. Firm Strategic Behaviour: Hierarchy of Decisions and Effects 9
4. Innovation Policy Instruments 11
4.1. Introduction 11
4.2. Grants 12
4.3. Other Policy Instruments 12
4.4. Spillover of Behavioural Effects 12
5. Operationalisation of the Concept 12
5.1. Survey Objectives 12
5.2. Target Population 14
5.3. Sample Questions for Use in Postal/Internet Survey 14
6. Future Research Agenda 20
CHAPTER 2:
CHAPTER 3:
MEASURING ADDITIONALITY OF R&D SUBSIDIES WITH SURVEYS:
TOWARDS AN EVALUATION METHODOLOGY FOR IWT-FLANDERS 23
1. Introduction 23
2. Towards a definition of additionality 24
3. Behavioural additionality 25
4. Population and sample frame 26
5. Questionnaire 28
6. Case selection and first results 30
6.1. Group 1: SMEs without permanent R&D 30
6.2. Group 2: large non-R&D intensive companies 32
6.3. Group 3: large R&D intensive companies 34
6.4. Group 4: R&D intensive SMEs 37
7. Analysis of the main results 39
7.1. Preliminary results across groups 39
7.2. Preliminary results across additionality types 41
8. Conclusions 44
8.1. Conclusions related to the Methodology 44
8.2. Suggestions for a full-scale approach 44
Appendix 47
CONCEPTUAL AND EMPIRICAL CHALLENGES OF EVALUATING THE
EFFECTIVENESS OF INNOVATION POLICIES WITH ‘BEHAVIOURAL
ADDITIONALITY’ (THE CASE OF IWT R&D SUBSIDIES) 57
1. Introduction 57
2. Evaluation and ‘additionality’ in Flanders 58
2.1. Actual practices of evaluation 58
2.2. The new perspective of government on innovation 60
3. About the concept of Behavioural Additionality 61
3.1. Additionality 63
3.2. Behaviour 64
3.3. Kinds of additionality 65
4. About the measurement of behavioural additionality 66
5. Policy learning 67
6. Organisation of the work programme in Flanders 68
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