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Hanigan, M. D., C. C. Calvert, E. J. DePeters, B. L. Reis, and R. L. Baldwin. 1992. Kinetics of amino acid extraction by lactating mammary glands in control and sometribove-treated Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 75:161-173. Hedqvist, H. and P. Uden. 2006. Measurement of soluble protein degradation in the rumen. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 126, 1-21. Karnati, S. K. R., J. T. Sylvester, S. M. Noftsger, Z. Yu, N. R. St-Pierre and J. L. Firkins. 2007. Assessment of ruminal bacterial populations and protozoal generation time in cows fed different methionine sources. J. Dairy Sci. 90:798-809. Knowlton, K. F., T. E. Dawson, B. P. Glenn, G. B. Huntington, and R. A. Erdman Glucose metabolism and milk yield of cows infused abomasally or ruminally with starch. J Dairy Sci 1998 81: 3248-3258. Lanzas, C., Sniffen, C.J., Seo, S., Tedeschi, L.O., Fox, D.G. 2007a. A feed carbohydrate fractionation scheme for formulating rations for ruminants. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 136, 167-190. Lanzas, C., L. O. Tedeschi, S. Seo, and D. G. Fox. 2007b. Evaluation of protein fractionation systems used in formulating rations for dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci. 90:507-521. Lapierre. H., G. E. Lobely, D. R. Ouellet, L. Doepel, and D. Pacheco. 2007. Amino acid requirements for lactating dairy cows: reconciling predictive models and biology. 2007. Pp. 39-59. Proc. Cornell Nutr. Conf., Dept. of Animal Sci.,Cornell University, Syracuse, NY. Lemosquet, S. E. Delamaire, H. Lapierre, J. W. Blum, and J. L. Peyraud. 2009. Effects of glucose, propionic acid and nonessential amino acids on glucose metabolism and milk yield in Holstein dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 92:3244-3257. Lykos, T. and G. A. Varga. 1997. Varying degradation rates of total nonstructural carbohydrates: Effects on nutrient uptake and utilization by the mammary gland in high producing dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 80:3356-3367. Mackle, T. R., D. A. Dwyer, K. L. Ingvartsen, P. Y. Chouinard, D. A. Ross, and D. E. Bauman. 2000. Effects of insulin and postruminal supply of protein on use of amino acids by the mammary gland for milk protein synthesis. J. Dairy Sci. 83:93-105. Marini, J. C., D. G. Fox, and M. R. Murphy. 2008. Nitrogen transactions along the gastrointestinal tract of cattle: A meta-analytical approach. J Anim Sci. 86: 660- 679. Mepham, T. B. 1982. Amino acid utilization by lactating mammary gland. J. Dairy Sci. 65:287-298. Metcalf, J. A., D. Wray-Cahen, E. E. Chettle, J. D. Sutton, D. E. Beever, L. A. Crompton, J. C. Macrae, B. J. Bequette, and F.R.C. Backwell. 1996. The effect of dietary crude protein as protected soybean meal on mammary metabolism in the lactating dairy cow. J Dairy Sci 79: 603-611. Metcalf, J. A., R. J. Mansbridge, J.S. Blake, J. D. Oldham, and J. R. Newbold. 2008. The efficiency of conversion of metabolisable protein into milk true protein over a range of metabolisable protein intakes. Animal. 8:1193-1202. National Research Council. 2001. Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle (7th ed.). National Academy Press, Washington, DC. O'Connor, J. D., C. J. Sniffen, D. G. 35
Fox, and W. Chalupa.1993. A net carbohydrate and protein system for evaluating cattle diets: IV. Predicting amino acid adequacy. J Anim Sci. 71: 1298-1311. Ouellet, D. R., M. Demers, G. Zuur, G. E. Lobley, J. R. Seoane, J. V. Nolan, and H. Lapierre. 2002. Effect of Dietary Fiber on Endogenous Nitrogen Flows in Lactating Dairy Cows. J Dairy Sci. 85: 3013-3025. Pacheco, D., C. G. Schwab, R. Berthiaume, G. Raggio, and H. Lapierre. 2006. Comparison of net portal absorption with predicted flow of digestible amino acids: Scope for improving current models? J Dairy Sci 89: 4747-4757. Raggio, G., G.E. Lobley, S. Lemosquet, H. Rulquin, and H. Lapierre. 2006. Effect of casein and propionate supply on whole body protein metabolism in lactating dairy cows. Can. J. Animal. Sci. 86:81-89. Reynolds. C. K. Production and metabolic effects of site of starch digestion in dairy cattle. Animal Feed Sci. Tech. 130:78-94. Rulquin, H., S. Rigout, S. Lemosquet, and A. Bach. 2004. Infusion of glucose directs circulating amino acids to the mammary gland in well-fed dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 87:340-349. Rulquin, H., P.M. Pisulewski, R. Vérité and J. Guinard. 1993. Milk production and composition as a function of postruminal lysine and methionine supply: a nutrient-response approach. Livest. Prod. Sci. 37: 69-90. Reynal, S. M., I. R. Ipharraguerre, M. Liñeiro, A. F. Brito, G. A. Broderick, and J. H. Clark. 2007. Omasal flow of soluble proteins, peptides, and free amino acids in dairy cows fed diets supplemented with proteins of varying ruminal degradabilities. J. Dairy Sci. 90: 1887-1903. Ross, D. A. 2004. Amino acid composition of ruminant feeds and feed fractions and evaluation of the methods used to obtain the insoluble and true precipitable protein fractions of feedstuffs. M.S. Thesis. Cornell University, Ithaca, NY. Schwab, C.G. 1996. Rumen-protected amino acids for dairy cattle: Progress towards determining lysine and methionine requirements. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 59: 87-101. Seo, S., L. O. Tedeschi, C. G. Schwab, B. D. Garthwaite, and D. G. Fox. 2006. Evaluation of the passage rate equations in the 2001 dairy NRC model J Dairy Sci 89: 2327-2342. Shabi, Z., H. Tagari, M.R. Murphy, I. Bruckental, S. J. Mabjeesh, S. Zamwel, K. Celik, and A. Arieli. 2000. Partitioning of amino acids flowing to the abomasum into feed, bacterial, protozoal and endogenous fractions. J. Dairy Sci. 83:2326-2334. Sniffen, C. J., J. D. O'Connor, P. J. Van Soest, D. G. Fox, and J. B. Russell. 1992. A net carbohydrate and protein system for evaluating cattle diets: II. Carbohydrate and protein availability. J Anim Sci. 70: 3562-3577. Spires, H. R., J. H. Clark, R. G. Derrig, and C. L. Davis. 1975. Milk production and nitrogen utilization in response to postruminal infusion of sodium caseinate in lactating cows. J. Nutr. 105:1111-1121. Sylvester, J. T., Karnati, S. K. R., Yu, Z., Newbold, C. J. and Firkins, J. L.. 2005. Evaluation of a real-time PCR assay for measuring the ruminal pool and duodenal flow of protozoal nitrogen. J. Dairy Sci. 88:2083–2095. 36
Page 1 and 2: 2009 Proceedings of the Cornell Nut
Page 3 and 4: 2009 Cornell Nutrition Conference f
Page 5 and 6: Conference Staff, Speakers and Admi
Page 7 and 8: predicted flows of MP. Because they
Page 9 and 10: Figure 1. Revised NRC (2001) Lys an
Page 11 and 12: Figure 3. Lys and Met plots for mil
Page 13 and 14: and AMTS.Cattle (v.2.1.1) models (T
Page 15 and 16: MP on increasing the efficiency of
Page 17 and 18: high cows for both years were very
Page 19 and 20: Garthwaite, B. D., C. G. Schwab, an
Page 21 and 22: CHALLENGES OF PREDICTING METABOLIZA
Page 23 and 24: Figure 1. Chemical structure of lys
Page 25 and 26: Table 1. Blocked RUP-Lys and reacti
Page 27 and 28: and in vitro digestibility. However
Page 29 and 30: Table 4. Results from 265 blood mea
Page 31 and 32: ACKNOWLEGEMENTS The data summary of
Page 33 and 34: THE CORNELL NET CARBOHYDRATE AND PR
Page 35 and 36: If this overall value is more appro
Page 37 and 38: mean values for efficiency of use f
Page 39: efficiency of use of particular AA
Page 43 and 44: RECENT RESEARCH WITH LOW-STARCH DIE
Page 45 and 46: Table 1 continued. Dietary content,
Page 47 and 48: Voelker and Allen (2003abc) replace
Page 49 and 50: fermentable starch (3.5%-units) was
Page 51 and 52: monitor the cow’s performance, an
Page 53 and 54: ESTIMATING INTESTINAL DIGESTIBILITY
Page 55 and 56: digestibility within feeds will all
Page 57 and 58: Table 1. Average in vivo AA and RUP
Page 59 and 60: presented in Table 3. Crude protein
Page 61 and 62: human foodstuffs, and originally re
Page 63 and 64: Novus International. 2008. IDEA. Po
Page 65 and 66: the present study was to quantify t
Page 67 and 68: experiments. However, the final wei
Page 69 and 70: This is surprising in view of the c
Page 71 and 72: REFINING NITROGEN FEEDING USING CUR
Page 73 and 74: ecycled urea-N contributed 37.5% of
Page 75 and 76: observed for DMI nor milk measureme
Page 77 and 78: procedure described here contains 8
Page 79 and 80: Table 4. Protozoal predation of bac
Page 81 and 82: Marini, J. C. and M. S. Attene-Ramo
Page 83 and 84: of digestion. This involves refinem
Page 85 and 86: three hours was instead used, as an
Page 87 and 88: Table 1: Comparison between the non
Page 89 and 90: improve recovery of lignin particle
Page 91 and 92:
a reverse-phase column. Ether-linke
Page 93 and 94:
Figure 3: Relationship between 24hr
Page 95 and 96:
Figure 7: Relationship between 96hr
Page 97 and 98:
Ellis, W. C., M. Mahlooji and J.H.
Page 99 and 100:
EFFECT OF TYPE AND LENGTH OF DIETAR
Page 101 and 102:
intake data, the cattle fed the By-
Page 103 and 104:
cases of the diseases of interest:
Page 105 and 106:
for prediction of disease. The cate
Page 107 and 108:
Table 1. Receiver operator characte
Page 109 and 110:
INTEGRATING NUTRITIONAL AND GROUPIN
Page 111 and 112:
In a study conducted in a similar m
Page 113 and 114:
and 109°F (THI 94) during the stud
Page 115 and 116:
Gonzalez, M., A. K. Yabuta, and F.
Page 117 and 118:
In the past 20 years there has been
Page 119 and 120:
Dinosaur diets The plants eaten by
Page 121 and 122:
Figure 2 A,B,C,D: The relation betw
Page 123 and 124:
of fiber than ruminants while equid
Page 125 and 126:
supports the hypothesis that the fi
Page 127 and 128:
PHIDDLING WITH PHENYLALANINE: INFLU
Page 129 and 130:
competition of large neutral amino
Page 131 and 132:
A mixture of indispensable and semi
Page 133 and 134:
and in other experiments that are n
Page 135 and 136:
Table 4. Growth, feed intakes, PAH
Page 137 and 138:
Lu, J. and R.E. Austic. 2009. Pheny
Page 139 and 140:
During the late 1700s in Europe, th
Page 141 and 142:
of energy and protein nutrition bec
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elated to the involvement of sodium
Page 145 and 146:
In practical nutrition, it is impor
Page 147 and 148:
Johnson, R. A. 1963. Habitat prefer
Page 149 and 150:
INTERPRETING AND IMPLEMENTING STARC
Page 151 and 152:
in starch content and corn silages,
Page 153 and 154:
INTERPRETING AND IMPLEMENTING STARC
Page 155 and 156:
All of the guidelines for starch di
Page 157 and 158:
Feedstuff N DM range IVSD 7 SD Corn
Page 159 and 160:
nonstructural carbohydrate / rumen
Page 161 and 162:
ANALYTICAL METHODS For good estimat
Page 163 and 164:
Larson, J., and P. C. Hoffman. 2008
Page 165 and 166:
Key Data In50 years, the world popu
Page 167 and 168:
With respect to increasing output,
Page 169 and 170:
THE CONSUMER PERSPECTIVE When it co
Page 171 and 172:
they want most in their food, consu
Page 173 and 174:
devastating in poor nations where e
Page 175 and 176:
additive for swine can reduce manur
Page 177 and 178:
DeCamp, S., Hankins, S., Carroll, A
Page 179 and 180:
DEMYSTIFYING THE ENVIRONMENTAL SUST
Page 181 and 182:
The „good old days‟ of dairy pr
Page 183 and 184:
„Grass-fed‟ beef production The
Page 185 and 186:
RECONCILING GLOBAL AND NATIONAL EMI
Page 187 and 188:
production, without negatively impa
Page 189 and 190:
assumed to be produced with similar
Page 191 and 192:
continent by the tractor trailer, a
Page 193 and 194:
REFERENCES Anon. 2006. Road to reco
Page 195 and 196:
http://faostat.fao.org/DesktopDefau
Page 197 and 198:
etail milk supply. The first repres
Page 199 and 200:
eliable recommendations about the h
Page 201 and 202:
nearly identical whereas MUFA was d
Page 203 and 204:
higher trans-11 18:1 and lower cont
Page 205 and 206:
diets varied on organic farms and s
Page 207 and 208:
Jensen, R. G. 1999. Fatty acid prof
Page 209 and 210:
the optimum standing NDF is 38% for
Page 211 and 212:
It is clear that fiber and lignin a
Page 213 and 214:
Figure 3. From: Progressive Dairyma
Page 215 and 216:
AMMONIA EMISSIONS FROM DAIRY BARNS:
Page 217 and 218:
lactating cow’s energy requiremen
Page 219 and 220:
exhaust duct per chamber. Stainless
Page 221 and 222:
(Harper et al., 2009) are significa
Page 223 and 224:
REFERENCES Aillery, M., N. Gollehon
Page 225 and 226:
FEEDING LOW CRUDE PROTEIN RATIONS T
Page 227 and 228:
- There was an increase in % milk t
Page 229 and 230:
formulating rations is a tool routi
Page 231 and 232:
REFERENCES .Higgs, R.J. 2009. Nitro
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